中青年缺血性脑卒中患者与健康人群生活行为习惯及基因多态性比较研究

目的 比较中青年缺血性脑卒中患者与健康人群生活行为习惯及基因多态性。方法 以2021年1—12月某医院收治的中青年缺血性脑卒中患者617例作为病例组,按照性别、年龄1∶1比例匹配同期医院进行体检健康者617例作为健康对照组,比较中青年缺血性脑卒中患者与健康人群生活行为习惯及基因多态性的差异,生活行为习惯包括控制体重、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠时间、体育锻炼、饮食健康,基因多态性采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术和分子杂交技术检测纤维蛋白原（FGB）G（-455）A、内皮细胞-白细胞黏附分子（ELAM）ser128arg、细胞黏附分子-1（ICAM1）gly214arg、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）G（-308）A、肿瘤坏死因子β（TNFβ）thr26asn。结果 病例组患者617例中男性396例,女性221例;年龄37~64岁。健康对照组617人中男性396人,女性221人;年龄37~64岁。2组性别分布、平均年龄、舒张压和收缩压的差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。2组控制体重、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠时间、体育锻炼、饮食健康情况比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）;FGB G（-455）A、ELAM ser128arg、ICAM1 gly214arg、TNFαG（-308）A、TNFβ thr26asn等位基因频率比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;FGB G（-455）A、ELAM ser128arg、ICAM1 gly214arg、TNFαG（-308）A基因型频率比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P >0.05）,而TNFβ thr26asn基因型频率比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 中青年缺血性脑卒中具有遗传因素,与TNFβ thr26asn多态性可能存在一定关联,寻求遗传病因学证据及建立良好生活行为习惯,如控制体重、戒烟限酒、保证充足睡眠、坚持体育锻炼和健康饮食等,有利于中青年缺血性脑卒中的防治。

A comparative study of life behavior and habits and gene polymorphism between young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke and healthy people

Objective To compare the life behavior and habits and gene polymorphism between young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke and healthy people. Methods A total of 617 young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke admitted to a hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as the case group, and 617 healthy people who underwent physical examination in the same hospital were selected as the healthy control group according to the ratio of gender and age of 1∶1. The differences in life behavior and habits and gene polymorphism between young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke and healthy people were compared. The life behavior and habits included weight control, smoking, drinking, sleep duration, physical exercise, and dietary health. The gene polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and molecular hybridization for fibrinogen （FGB） G （-455） A, endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesion molecule （ELAM） ser128arg, cell adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM1） gly214arg, tumor necrosis factor α （TNFα） G （-308） A, and tumor necrosis factor β （TNFβ） thr26asn. Results In the case group, there were 396 males and 221 females, the age was 37-64 years old. In the healthy control group, there were 396 males and 221 females, the age was 37-64 years old. There were no significant differences in gender distribution, mean age, diastolic blood pressure, and systolic blood pressure between the two groups （all P > 0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in weight control, smoking, drinking, sleep duration, physical exercise, and dietary health between the two groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. There was no significant difference in the allele frequencies of FGB G （-455） A, ELAM ser128arg, ICAM1 gly214arg, TNFαG （-308） A, and TNFβ thr26asn between the two groups （ all P > 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the genotype frequencies of FGB G （-455） A, ELAM ser128arg, ICAM1 gly214arg, and TNFαG （-308） A between the two groups （all P＞0.05）, while the difference in the genotype frequency of TNFβ thr26asn was statistically significant （P＜0.05）. Conclusions Young and middle-aged ischemic stroke have genetic factors, which may be related to TNFβ thr26asn polymorphism. It is beneficial to the prevention and control of ischemic stroke in young and middle-aged people to seek genetic etiology evidence and establish good living habits, such as weight control, quitting smoking and alcohol restriction, ensuring adequate sleep, adhering to physical exercise, and a healthy diet.