财政投入对医疗卫生服务供给水平的影响研究:基于财政运行效率与收入不平等的双调节效应*

目的：研究2016—2021年我国31个省份财政投入与医疗卫生服务供给水平之间的关系，为财政资源在医疗领域的合理配置提供参考思路。方法：使用面板数据构建评价指标体系，利用熵值法计算各省份的医疗卫生服务供给水平指数，基于双向固定效应模型探讨财政投入对医疗卫生服务供给水平的作用机制。结果：财政投入对提升医疗卫生服务供给水平有显著正向影响，且经济欠发达地区影响程度大于发达地区；财政运行效率对财政投入与医疗卫生服务供给水平的关系有显著正向调节作用；收入不平等对财政投入与医疗卫生服务供给水平的关系有显著负向调节效应。结论：应优化医疗财政资源配置，加大财政投入；深化医疗卫生体制改革，提高运行效能；完善社会保障体系，促进健康公平。

Analysis on the Effects of Financial Input on the Supply Level of Medical and Health Services:Based on the Dual Regulatory Effects of Fiscal Operation Efficiency and Income Inequality

Objective: To study the relationship between the financial input and the supply level of medical and health services in 31 provinces in China from 2016 to 2021, and provide references for the rational allocation of financial resources in the medical field. Methods: The panel data was used to construct the evaluation index system, and the entropy method was used to calculate the index of medical and health service supply level in each province. Based on the dual-way fixed effect model, the effect mechanism of financial input on the medical and health service supply level was discussed. Results: The financial input has a significant positive impact on the improvement of the level of medical and health service supply, and the impact of the underdeveloped areas is greater than that of the developed areas; the financial operation efficiency has a significant positive regulating effect on the relationship be- tween financial input and the level of medical and health service supply; income inequality has a significant negative regulatory effect on the relationship between financial input and the level of medical and health service supply. Conclusion: It is needed to optimize the allocation of medical financial resources and increase financial investment; deepen the reform of the medical and health system and improve the operational efficiency; improve the social security system, and promote health and equity.