癌症患者院内肺部真菌感染的临床分析

背景与目的:医院内真菌感染是癌症患者的重要并发症之一,其中20%以上都是肺部真菌感染。本研究分析并探讨恶性肿瘤患者并发肺部真菌感染的危险因素及临床特点。方法:采用回顾性调查方法,分析1229例恶性肿瘤患者中并发医院内肺部真菌感染的78例患者的临床资料。结果:1229例恶性肿瘤患者肺部真菌感染率为6.35%;真菌类型主要是白色念珠菌(68.18%)。主要易感因素是患者年龄(≥50岁,P<0.005)、原发疾病部位(肺癌,P<0.001)、疾病分期(Ⅳ期,P<0.005)、曾经接受化疗及胸部放疗(P<0.001)以及住院时间长(>两周,P<0.005)。结论:减少易感因素,早发现,早诊断和及时治疗是减少真菌感染的有效措施。

Clinical analysis of nosocomial pulmonary fungal infection in patients with cancer

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Nosocomial fungal infection is an important complication of cancer patients. Among them, pulmonary fungal infection is over 20%. This study was designed to analyze and evaluate risk factors, and clinical features of nosocomial pulmonary fungal infection in patients with cancer. METHODS: In 1 229 patients with malignant tumor, clinical records of 78 patients with nosocomial pulmonary fungal infection were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Pulmonary fungal infection rate was 6.35% (78/1 229). The major fungus was Candida albicans (68.18%). The main risk factors were age of > or =50 years (P< 0.005), primary site (lung cancer, P< 0.001), cancer stage (stage IV, P< 0.005), pulmonary radiotherapy (P< 0.001), chemotherapy (P< 0.001), and long-term hospitalization ( >2 weeks, P< 0.005). CONCLUSION: The effective methods to reduce nosocomial pulmonary fungal infection in patients with cancer are reducing risk factors, early diagnosis, and timely treatment.