食用竹炭粉的急性毒性与致突变性研究

目的:评价食用竹炭粉的急性毒性和致突变性。方法:采用大鼠急性经口毒性试验、Ames试验、大鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验和小鼠体内彗星试验,参考经济合作与发展组织(OECD)相关方法进行。急性毒性试验以20 mL/kg进行灌胃;Ames试验设每皿0.008、0.04、0.2、1、5 mg剂量组,另设空白、溶剂、阳性对照;微核试验设2.81、5.62、11.24 g/kg剂量组,另设溶剂、阳性对照;彗星试验设2.81、5.62、11.24 g/kg剂量组,另设溶剂、阳性对照。结果:本实验所用食用竹炭粉(平均粒径为16.596 μm)对雌、雄性SD大鼠的LD₅₀均大于11.24 g/kg;Ames试验、大鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、小鼠体内彗星试验结果均为阴性。结论:微米级食用竹炭粉对大鼠的经口急性毒性属无毒级,对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌组氨酸缺陷型菌株和大、小鼠体细胞无致突变作用。

Study of acute toxicity and mutagenicity of bamboo charcoal powder

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the acute toxicity and mutagenicity of bamboo charcoal powder (BCP). METHODS:Oral acute toxicity test, Ames test, rat bone marrow micronucleus test and in vivo comet assay were conducted according to the OECD standards. Dose designed for oral acute toxicity test was 20 mL/kg. Doses were designed at 0.008, 0.04, 0.2, 1, 5 mg/plate of Ames test, at 2.81, 5.62, 11.24 g/kg of micronucleus test and at 2.81, 5.62, 11.24 g/kg of in vivo comet assay. RESULTS:The mean volume diameter of BCP was 16.596 μm. The LD₅₀ of BCP in rats was > 11.24 g/kg in this experimental condition. In the three mutagenicity tests, no mutagenic effect was observed in any BCP-treated group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION:BCP is a micro-sized mixture, and was non-toxic according to acute toxicity classification, and showed no mutagenic effect in this experimental design.