深圳市某区低学龄儿童血脂异常与血清中铅和镉浓度的关系

目的： 探讨深圳市某区低学龄儿童血脂异常与血清中重金属铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）浓度的关联性，为儿童血脂异常防治提供依据。方法： 采用整群抽样，抽取深圳市某区19所小学的一年级儿童对其进行血液生化检查和生活方式问卷调查。选择其中血脂异常的儿童（n=663）作为实验组，并随机抽取健康儿童作为对照组（n=663）。按照年龄±0.5岁、同性别进行1∶1匹配，采用电感耦合等离子体法（ICP-MS）检测两组儿童血清中的Pb、Cd浓度。结果： 血脂异常组儿童血清中Pb、Cd浓度分别为133.08和0.45 μg/L，均高于健康对照组的84.19和0.29 μg/L（P<0.05）。条件Logistic回归显示，经校正协变量后，血清PbOR=2.52，95% CI（1.66，3.83）]和CdOR=4.31，95% CI（2.73，6.82）]浓度与儿童血脂异常的风险增加有关，且呈现剂量反应关系（P_trend<0.01）。结论： 深圳市某区低学龄儿童血脂代谢异常与血清铅、镉浓度的增加风险有关，提示需关注低龄儿童的血清中重金属浓度，预防儿童的慢性病，促进健康。

Relationships between dyslipidemia and serum levels of lead and cadmium in low school-aged children in a district of Shenzhen

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to explore correlations between dyslipidemia and serum concentrations of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in low school-aged children in a district of Shenzhen,and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of children with dyslipidemia. METHODS: Cluster samplings were used to select all first-grade primary school children in Shenzhen,and blood biochemical tests and lifestyle questionnaires were conducted among them. Children with dyslipidemia were selected as the experimental group (n=663),and healthy ones (n=663) as the control group using 1:1 matching according to age ±0.5 years old and gender. Serum concentrations of Pb and Cd among the children were tested using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of Pb and Cd in children with dyslipidemia (133.08 μg/L and 0.45 μg/L,respectively) were higher than those in controls (84.19 μg/L and 0.29 μg/L,respectively,P<0.05). Conditional Logistic regression analyses show that,after adjustment for covariates,serum PbOR=2.52,95%CI (1.66,3.83)] and CdOR=4.31,95%CI (2.73,6.82)] were associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia in children in a dose-response relationship (P_trend<0.01). CONCLUSION: Dyslipidemia was associated with increased serum Pb and Cd concentrations in low school-aged children in a district of Shenzhen. The results indicate that we should pay more attention to concentrations of heavy metals in their low school-aged children in order to prevent chronic diseases and to promote their health.