2010-2018年重庆市恶性肿瘤发病死亡趋势分析

目的:分析重庆市2010-2018年恶性肿瘤发病死亡变化趋势。方法:收集整理2010-2018年重庆市肿瘤登记点恶性肿瘤发病死亡资料，采用SPSS 25.0分析恶性肿瘤发病率、中国人口标化发病率、世界人口标化发病率、年龄别发病率、死亡率、中国人口标化死亡率、世界人口标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率等。男性与女性、城市与农村发病率、死亡率的比较采用χ2检验,趋势变化采用年度变化百分比（APC），对APC的检验采用t检验。结果:重庆市恶性肿瘤发病率、中标率与世标率分别由2010年的200.08/10万、147.03/10万、162.53/10万上升至2018年的289.63/10万、195.85/10万、209.74/10万，APC分别为5.02%(4.39%～5.65%)、4.29%(3.77%～4.81%)、3.87%(3.36%～4.39%)，变化趋势均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。恶性肿瘤发病率历年均是男性高于女性（P＜0.05）。2011年与2015年城市与农村地区恶性肿瘤发病率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），其它年份恶性肿瘤发病率均是城市高于农村，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。男性与女性、城市与农村恶性肿瘤发病率均明显上升（P＜0.05）。2010年重庆市恶性肿瘤死亡率、中标死亡率与世标死亡率分别为152.10/10万、103.49/10万、117.91/10万,2018年死亡率、中标死亡率与世标死亡率分别为184.77/10万、110.87/10万、125.53/10万，死亡率以年均3.15%(2.33%～3.98%)上升（t=4.03,P=0.005）。恶性肿瘤死亡率历年均是男性高于女性。2010-2018年男性与女性恶性肿瘤死亡率分别以3.46%(2.63%~4.29%)与2.63%(1.92%～3.36%)上升（t=4.36,P=0.003;t=3.43,P=0.011）。2010-2018年城市地区恶性肿瘤死亡率变化趋势差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。2010-2018年农村地区恶性肿瘤死亡率以年均3.05%(2.33%～3.77%)上升（t=4.03,P=0.005）。结论:重庆市恶性肿瘤发病率与死亡率呈快速上升的趋势，应针对危险因素进行干预和普及早诊早治，降低恶性肿瘤的发病率与死亡率。

Trend of incidence and mortality of cancer in Chongqing,2010-2018

Objective:To analyze the trend of cancer incidence and mortality from 2010 to 2018 in Chongqing.Methods:New cancer cases from 2010 to 2018 were collected and sorted from cancer registries in Chongqing.Data were analyzed to calculate indicators including incidence,age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population(ASIRC),age-standardized incidence rate by world standard population(ASIRW),age-specific incidence,mortality,age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population(ASMRC),age-standardized mortality rate by world standard population(ASMRW),age-specific mortality.The incidence and mortality between male and female,urban and rural area was compared by Chi-square test.The trend change was analyzed by annual percent change(APC).APC was test by t test.Results:The incidence,ASIRC and ASIRW of cancer increased from 200.08/105,147.03/105,162.53/105 in 2010 to 289.63/105,195.85/105,209.74/105 in 2018(P＜0.01).And its APC was 5.02%(4.39%～5.65%),4.29%(3.77%～4.81%)and 3.87%(3.36%～4.39%) respectively.Cancer incidence among male residents was higher than that among female residents(P＜0.05) every year.Cancer incidence in urban area was higher than that in rural area besides 2011 and 2015(P＜0.05).Cancer incidence in male and female,urban and rural increased significantly(P＜0.05).The mortality,ASMRC and ASMRW of cancer was 152.10/105,103.49/105,117.91/105 in 2010.And the mortality,ASMRC and ASMRW of cancer was 184.77/105,110.87/ 105 and 125.53/105 in 2018.Cancer mortality increased by 3.15%(2.33%～3.98%)(t=4.03,P=0.005).Cancer mortality among male residents was higher that among female residents(P＜0.05).Cancer mortality among male and female residents increased from 2010 to 2018 by 3.46%(2.63%～4.29%)and 2.63%(1.92%～3.36%)(t=4.36,P=0.003; t=3.43,P=0.011).The trend change of cancer mortality in urban area wasn' t significant from 2010 to 2018(P＞0.05).Cancer mortality in rural area increased from 2010 to 2018 by 3.05%(2.33%～3.77%)(t=4.03,P=0.005).Conclusion:The incidence and mortality of cancer in Chongqing increased rapidly.It should be conducted the intervention against risk factors associated with cancer and promoted the program of cancer screening and early diagnosis to reduce the incidence and mortality of cancer in Chongqing.