2017年海南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

目的 分析2017年海南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡情况。方法 收集海南省2017年6个肿瘤登记处恶性肿瘤的发病、死亡以及人口资料，经数据质量核查后按性别、地区和年龄进行分层，计算发病和死亡粗率、构成比、0~74岁累积率及标化率，并汇总发病和死亡前10位的恶性肿瘤。 结果 2017年海南省肿瘤登记覆盖人口占总人口的23.19%，恶性肿瘤新发病例5 504例，发病率、中标率、世标率、0~74岁累积率分别为260.71/10万、213.29/10万、207.88/10万、24.32%；恶性肿瘤死亡病例2 585例，死亡率、中标率、世标率、0~74岁累积率分别为122.44/10万、95.27/10万、94.05/10万、11.05%。男性发病率和死亡率均高于女性，男女发病率均从25~岁年龄组开始上升，并分别于65~岁年龄组和80~岁年龄组达到高峰，死亡率均从35~岁年龄组开始上升，并于80~岁年龄组达到高峰。城市地区发病率高于农村地区，但死亡率低于农村地区。发病前10位恶性肿瘤分别为肝癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、鼻咽癌、食管癌、口腔癌、宫颈癌、甲状腺癌，死亡前10位恶性肿瘤分别为肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、鼻咽癌、食管癌、脑瘤、喉癌、淋巴瘤、乳腺癌。结论 2017年海南省恶性肿瘤年龄别发病率和死亡率呈递增趋势，且患病人群正逐渐向年轻化发展。男性发病率和死亡率均高于女性；城市地区发病率高于农村地区，死亡率则反之。肝癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、胃癌等是重点防治癌种，需进一步加强防控。

Analysis of the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in the cancer registration areas of Hainan,2017

Objective To analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in the cancer registration areas of Hainan province in 2017. Methods The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors and population data in 6 cancer registries in Hainan province in 2017 were collected, and stratified by sex, region and age after data quality verification. The crude incidence and mortality rate, composition ratio, cumulative rate of 0-74 years old and standardized rate were calculated, and the top 10 malignant tumors in incidence and death were summarized. Results In 2017, the registered tumor population accounted for 23.19% of the total population in Hainan province, and there were 5, 504 new cases of malignant tumors. The incidence, age⁃standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population (ASIRC), age⁃standardized incidence rate by Segi's world population (ASIRW) and cumulative rate of 0-74 years old were 260.71/10⁵, 213.29/10⁵, 207.88/10⁵ and 24.32%, respectively. There were 2, 585 deaths due to malignant tumors, and the mortality, ASIRC rate, ASIRW rate and cumulative rate of 0-74 years old were 122.44/10⁵, 95.27/10⁵, 94.05/10⁵ and 11.05%, respectively. The incidence and mortality rate of males were higher than those of females, the incidences of both males and females began to increase from the age group of 25- years, reached the peak in the age group of 65- and 80- years, respectirely; The mortality rate increased from 35- years and reached the peak in the age group of 80- years. The incidence rate was higher in urban areas than in rural areas, whereas the mortality rate was lower in urban areas than in rural areas. The top 10 malignant tumors with regard to incidence were liver cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, oral cancer, cervical cancer, and thyroid cancer, while the top 10 malignancies in mortality were liver cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, brain tumor, laryngeal cancer, lymphoma, and breast cancer. Conclusions The age⁃specific incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Hainan province showed an increasing trend in 2017, and the affected population developed gradually towards younger. The incidence and mortality of males were higher than those of females. The incidence in urban areas was higher than in rural areas, while the mortality showed an opposite trend. Cancers such as liver cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and gastric cancer are the focus of prevention and treatment , the prevention and control needs to be further strengthened.