Prognosis of uterine corpus cancer after tamoxifen treatment for breast cancer |
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Authors: | Wilhelmina E Hoogendoorn Harry Hollema Hester H van Boven Elisabeth Bergman Geri de Leeuw-Mantel Inge Platteel Renske Fles Petra M Nederlof Marian J E Mourits Flora E van Leeuwen |
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Institution: | Wilhelmina E. Hoogendoorn, Harry Hollema, Hester H. van Boven, Elisabeth Bergman, Geri de Leeuw-Mantel, Inge Platteel, Renske Fles, Petra M. Nederlof, Marian J. E. Mourits, Flora E. van Leeuwen and The Comprehensive Cancer Centers’ TAMARISK-group |
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Abstract: | Tamoxifen increases the risk of uterine corpus cancer. Since only few, mostly small, studies have examined prognosis of uterine
corpus cancer following tamoxifen, we conducted a large retrospective cohort study to further investigate this. We examined
histopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of 332 patients with uterine corpus cancer following breast cancer,
according to tamoxifen use. Survival was examined in the same patients combined with 309 patients from a previous study with
updated follow-up. Histological review of all cancers was performed. Long-term tamoxifen users showed a higher proportion
of non-endometrioid tumors than non-users (32.7% vs. 17.4%, P = 0.004), especially serous adenocarcinomas and carcinosarcomas. An increased proportion of FIGO stage III and IV tumors
was also observed (20.0% vs. 11.3%, P = 0.049). Within FIGO stage I, both short-term and long-term tamoxifen users showed a higher proportion of tumors limited
to the endometrium than non-users (35.7% vs. 22.9%, P = 0.049 and 0.004 respectively). Uterine corpus cancers in long-term tamoxifen users were more often steroid receptor-negative
(ERα, PRA and PRB, P < 0.05) and P53-positive (P = 0.015). Three-year uterine corpus cancer-specific survival was worse for long-term tamoxifen users than for non-users (82%
vs. 93% P = 0.0001). The survival difference remained after adjustment for histopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics
(hazard ratio (HR) for ≥2 years tamoxifen = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.2–4.6). In conclusion, this large study clearly shows that tamoxifen-associated
tumors have less favorable histological features and a worse survival. Our results can be applied when weighing risks and
benefits of tamoxifen versus other hormonal agents used in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
TAMARISK (Tamoxifen Associated Malignancies: Aspects of Risk)-group of the Comprehensive Cancer Centers (CCC): O. Visser (CCC
Amsterdam), R. A. M. Damhuis (CCC Rotterdam), W. J. Louwman (CCC South Netherlands), J. A. A. M. van Dijck (CCC East Netherlands),
Y. Westerman (CCC Middle Netherlands), M. J. M. Dirx (CCC Limburg), M. L. E. A. Jansen-Landheer (CCC West), L. de Munck (CCC
Northern Netherlands), S. Siesling (CCC Stedendriehoek Twente). |
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Keywords: | Breast cancer Late effects Prognosis Tamoxifen Uterine corpus cancer |
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