外泌体作为靶向治疗载体的研究进展

外泌体是来源于细胞内膜的纳米级的囊泡，包含有核酸、蛋白和脂质等生命物质，作为一种细胞间交流的机制，在生命活动中发挥着重要作用。相对于脂质体载体，外泌体更稳定，生物相容性好，免疫原性低，而且可以渗透生物屏障，例如血脑屏障、胎盘屏障等。重点介绍外泌体载体靶向性的基础、外泌体载体装载负荷的方法及外泌体载体目前的应用进展和前景。

Advances in research of exosomes as targeted therapeutic vectors

Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles derived from the inner membrane of cells, containing life information such as nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. They play an important role in life activities as a mechanism of intercellular communication. Compared to liposome carriers, exosomes are more stable, biocompatible and less immunogenic, and can penetrate biological barriers such as the blood-brain barrier and the placental barrier. This article focused on the basis of exosome vector targeting, the method of carrier loading and the current application progress and prospects.