膝关节后外侧角股骨止点的X线测量与分析

目的 探讨国人膝关节后外侧角(PLC)中外侧副韧带(LCL)、腘肌腱(PT)股骨止点的位置,以期为临床膝关节PLC重建术中骨隧道的定位及术后骨隧道的评估提供放射学数据.方法选取30具成人尸体膝关节标本,男14具,女16具;死亡年龄为45～71岁,平均55岁.解剖分离出LCL、PT股骨止点,用钢针标记二者止点中心及股骨外上髁后摄股骨侧位X线片.住侧位X线片上建立以Blumensaat线为基准的矩形,用比率的方式测世LCL、PT止点中心在矩形中的位置;另外,测量LCL和PT止点中心与股骨外上髁的距离.结果侧位X线片上LCL止点中心为(14.80±5.76)%和(38.06±4.60)%;PT止点中心为(39.85±6.86)%和(49.27±8.01)%.LCL 止点中心位于股骨外上髁近端(1.16±2.81)mm,后方(3.09±1.45)mm;PT止点中心位于股骨外上髁远端(8.69±2.83)mm,后方(4.07±1.76)mm.结论 LCL和PT的股骨止点中心比较稳定,在侧位X线片上可以被定量描述.

Abstract：

Objective To obtain radiological data of the femoral insertions of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and the popliteus tendon (PT) for reconstruction of the posterolateral corner (PLC) .Methods Thirty Chinese cadaveric knees were investigated in our study. They were 14 males and 16 females, with an average death age of 55 (rang, 45 to 71 years). The lateral epicondylar and femoral insertions of LCL and PT were dissected, identified and marked with steel wires before a lateral femoral X-ray was taken.Then the centers of the insertions were recorded as a ratio pattern on a modified reticule which was established on lateral femoral X-rays with the Blumensaat' line as the base reference. The distances from the centers of the insertions to the lateral epicondyle were also measured. Results On the lateral femoral X-ray films, the insertion centers of the LCL and PT were located on the reticule at 14. 80% ±5. 76% , 38. 06% ±4. 60% and 39. 85% ±6. 86% , 49. 27% ±8. 01% , respectively. The LCL insertions were located at a mean distance of 1. 16 ± 2. 81 mm proximally and 3. 09 ± 1. 45 mm posteriorly to the lateral epicondyle, and the PT insertions were located at a mean distance of 8. 69 ± 2. 83 mm distally and 4. 07 ± 1. 76 mm posteriorly to the lateral epicondyle. Conclusion LCL and PT have a consistent pattern of insertion on the femur, which can be quantitatively measured on a lateral femoral X-ray film.

A radiographic study of the femoral insertions of the posterolateral structures of the knee

Objective To obtain radiological data of the femoral insertions of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and the popliteus tendon (PT) for reconstruction of the posterolateral corner (PLC) .Methods Thirty Chinese cadaveric knees were investigated in our study. They were 14 males and 16 females, with an average death age of 55 (rang, 45 to 71 years). The lateral epicondylar and femoral insertions of LCL and PT were dissected, identified and marked with steel wires before a lateral femoral X-ray was taken.Then the centers of the insertions were recorded as a ratio pattern on a modified reticule which was established on lateral femoral X-rays with the Blumensaat' line as the base reference. The distances from the centers of the insertions to the lateral epicondyle were also measured. Results On the lateral femoral X-ray films, the insertion centers of the LCL and PT were located on the reticule at 14. 80% ±5. 76% , 38. 06% ±4. 60% and 39. 85% ±6. 86% , 49. 27% ±8. 01% , respectively. The LCL insertions were located at a mean distance of 1. 16 ± 2. 81 mm proximally and 3. 09 ± 1. 45 mm posteriorly to the lateral epicondyle, and the PT insertions were located at a mean distance of 8. 69 ± 2. 83 mm distally and 4. 07 ± 1. 76 mm posteriorly to the lateral epicondyle. Conclusion LCL and PT have a consistent pattern of insertion on the femur, which can be quantitatively measured on a lateral femoral X-ray film.