机器人辅助下单髁置换术的研究现状及进展

单髁置换术(UKA)对单间室骨关节炎患者来说是一种可选择的术式。与全膝关节置换术(TKA)比较,UKA的优势包括手术风险低、恢复快、患者满意度高、住院时间短等。然而,与TKA比较,UKA的翻修率更高,假体生存率更低。假如能提高传统UKA的假体生存率和降低其翻修率,UKA将会发挥独特的优势。目前,机器人辅助UKA正引起人们的关注。机器人系统在UKA中已被用于提高骨准备、部件对齐和量化韧带平衡等方面,最终目的是改善术后运动学和提高假体生存率,以及降低翻修率。本文将介绍目前可用的两种机器人系统的基本原理和机器人辅助UKA相较于传统UKA的表现及优势。

Research status and advances of robot-assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)is an alternative procedure for patients with unicompartmental osteoarthritis.Compared with total knee arthroplasty(TKA),the UKA’s advantages include low surgical risk,fast recovery,high patient satisfaction,and short hospital stay.However,compared with TKA,UKA has a higher revision rate and a lower implant survival rate.If we can improve the survival rate of UKA and reduce its high revision rate,UKA will play a unique advantage.Currently,the robot-assisted UKA is attracting people’s attention.Robot-assistance has been used to improve bone preparation,component alignment,and quantify ligament balance in UKA.The ultimate goal is to improve postoperative kinematics and improve implant survival rate,as well as reduce revision rate.This article intends to introduce the basic principles of the two currently available robot-assisted systems and the performance of robot-assisted UKA compared to traditional technologies.