单中心血液透析患者的死亡原因分析

目的 探讨本院血液透析患者死亡情况及原因,以改善血液透析患者的预后，提高其生存率，为以后透析患者的临床诊治提供依据。方法 收集2012年1月1日至2017年12月1日在本院透析中心登记的血液透析死亡患者的临床资料，分析死亡患者人数、年龄、透析龄、原发性肾脏病类型、死亡原因。结果 共纳入死亡人数113例,中位透析龄11.7个月。死亡原因分别为:心脑血管疾病(46例)、感染(13例) 、肿瘤晚期(4例)、其他原因(7例)。不同透析龄的死亡患者中，透析龄较短的患者贫血较重、白蛋白较低。结论 本中心血液透析死亡患者生存期较短，死亡患者中小于1年的透析龄患者比例最大。主要死亡原因是心脑血管疾病和感染。积极纠正贫血、改善营养状态可能有助于提高患者早期生存率。

The death causes of hemodialysis patients in single-center

Objective  To investigate the death related information and causes of death of the hemodialysis patients in our hospital, improve the prognosis and survival rate of hemodialysis patients, and provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of hemodialysis patients in the future.Methods  All the informations of the hemodialysis death patients in our dialysis center from January 2012 to December 2017 were collected, and the numbers of death, death age, dialysis age, primary kidney disease type and cause of death were analyzed.Results  A total of 113 death patients were included. The median dialysis age was 11.7 months.The causes of death were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (46 cases), infection(13 cases),advanced carcinoma (4 cases), and other causes (7 cases). Among the death patients of different dialysis age, those with shorter dialysis age had more serious anemia and lower albumin. Conclusions   The life time of the hemodialysis death patients in our hospital is short, among the dead patients，the proportion of hemodialysis patients less than 1 year is the highest.The main causes of death are cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and infection.The treatment of anemia timely and improvement of nutritional status may help improve early survival rate.