甘露醇预防血液透析相关性低血压临床研究

目的 探讨甘露醇注射液预防血液透析相关性低血压的适应证、使用方法和临床效果.方法 选择血液透析过程中经常发生低血容量性低血压的患者40例,按随机数字表法分为研究组与对照组,每组20例.研究组在透析1 h后静脉滴注甘露醇150 ml,对照组在同一时间开始给予0.9%氯化钠注射液150 ml,透析最后1 h前结束这2种药物的使用.结果 甘露醇注射液研究组在透析中低血压发生率为7%,与对照组(48%)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);同时透析间期急性心功能衰竭的发生率为5%,与对照组(30%)比较差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 甘露醇注射液能降低血液透析相关性低血压的发生率,更容易达到目标超滤量并减少透析间期急性心功能衰竭的发生率.

Clinical study of mannitol in prevention dialysis associated hypotension

Objective To explore the indication, application and clinical effective of Mannitol in prevention dialysis associated hypotension. Methods Forty hypotension -prone patients on maintenance hemodialysis were randomly divided into study group and control group, each group contained 20 patients. The patients in the study group were intravenous drip 20% Mannitol 150 ml 1 hour after dialysis start and the patients were adininistrated with 0.9% normal sodium 150 ml at the same time which was completed 1 hour before dialysis end. Results The incidence of hypotension during hemodialysia (7%) in study group was significantly lower than that (48%) in control group(P < 0.01). Meanwhile the incidence of interdialytic acute congestive heart failure in study group (5%) was significantly lower than that (30%) in control group (P < 0. 05). Conclusion It is suggested in the study that intravenous drip of Mannitol can effectively prevent dialysis associated hypotension and easily reach goal ultrafiltration volume in hemodialysis, and reduce the incidence of acute congestive heart failure hetween dialysis.