体重及体质量指数与骨质疏松性骨折发生的关系研究

目的探讨骨质疏松性骨折的发生与身高、体重及体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)的关系。方法回顾性分析我院自2012年以来符合骨质疏松诊断的患者1936例,诊断为骨质疏松性骨折患者472例,分析骨质疏松性骨折组与非骨折组之间身高、体重及BMI的差异,并根据不同部位骨折分组以及不同年龄层分析身高、体重、BMI与骨质疏松性骨折发生的关系。结果骨质疏松性骨折组体重、BMI均低于非骨折组(P0.01),而两组间身高比较差异无统计学意义。不同部位骨折分组中脊柱压缩性骨折组的BMI最高,而髋部骨折组的BMI最低(P0.05)。依不同BMI分组发现低体重组中髋部骨折占56.5%,而在超体重组中脊柱压缩性骨折占43.01%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。骨密度T值随BMI的增加而增加,两者呈显著正相关关系(P0.01)。结论体重、BMI对于骨质疏松性骨折的发生存在相关关系,BMI虽与骨密度T值呈正相关关系,但由于不同部位骨折的受力机制不同,其体重、BMI的增加与减少所造成的影响也不同,如低BMI易造成髋部骨折,高BMI易造成脊柱压缩性骨折。

Study on the relationship between body weight, body mass index and occurrence of osteoporotic fracture

Objective To explore the relationship between the occurrence of osteoporotic fracture and height, body weight and body mass index (BMI). Methods A total of 1936 patients with osteoporosis diagnosed in our hospital since 2012 were enrolled in this study. Among them, 472 patients were diagnosed with osteoporotic fractures. The differences in height, body weight and BMI between osteoporotic fracture group and non-fracture group were analyzed and the relationship between height, weight, BMI and osteoporotic fracture risk were further analyzed according to the site of fracture and age groups. Results Body weight and body mass index of the osteoporotic fracture group were lower than those of the non-fracture group (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in height. The BMI of those who had vertebral compression fracture was the highest among all fracture type, and BMI was the lowest in the hip fracture group (P<0.05). According to BMI categories, 56.5% of hip fractures were found in the low body weight group, while 43.01% of spinal compression fractures were found in the overweight group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The T-score of bone mineral density increased with the increase of BMI, and there was significant positive correlation between the two parameters (P<0.01). Conclusion Body weight and BMI are related to the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. BMI and bone mineral density T-score was positively correlated. However due to the different stress mechanism on fracture of different sites, the influence of body weight and BMI on fracture of different sites are different, such as that low BMI could easily lead to hip fractures, whereas high BMI could easily lead to spinal compression fractures.