克罗恩病患者初次手术及术后复发的危险因素分析

目的探讨克罗恩病（CD）患者病程中的初次手术及术后复发的危险因素。方法对中山大学附属第一医院2003-2009年既往无肠切除手术史的216例连续CD病例资料及其随访资料进行回顾性分析。应用Cox比例风险模型分析初次手术的危险因素。应用Logistic回归模型分析术后复发的危险因素。结果在平均55个月的随访期间内．有44例（20．4％）行初次肠切除手术，发病后1年、5年和10年累计手术率分别为11％、25％和45％。多因素分析显示，诊断年龄和疾病行为是初次肠切除手术的独立危险因素（P〈0．05）。44例手术患者有40例接受了平均20．4个月的术后随访，术后1年内镜复发率为52．6％（10／19）；临床复发率为22．5％（9／40），平均临床复发时间为术后22．6个月。多因素分析显示，合并肛周病变是临床复发的独立预测因素（P〈0．05）。2例患者接受了再次肠切除手术，外科复发率为5％（2／40）．再次手术原因均与初次相同。结论cD患者手术率及术后复发率均较高；诊断年龄和疾病行为对初次手术有一定的预测作用：合并肛周病变的患者术后更易出现临床复发。

Risk factors for initial bowel resection and postoperative recurrence in patients with Crohn disease

Objective To investigate the risk factors for the initial bowel resection and postoperative recurrence in a cohort of patients with Crohn disease (CD). Methods A total of 216 consecutive patients who were regularly followed up in the Department of Gastroenterology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between 2003 and 2009 were included. Probabilities for initial intestinal resection were calculated with Kaplan-Meier method. The influence of concomitant covariates on the cumulative probability rates was examined using Cox proportional hazard model. The risk of postoperative recurrence, including endoscopic recurrence, clinical recurrence and surgical recurrence, was also investigated during the follow-up. Logistic analysis was performed for the risk factors of recurrence. Results The median follow-up was 55 months. A total of 44 patients (20.4%)underwent bowel resection. The cumulative frequency of surgery was 11%, 25%, and 45% at 1, 5,and 10 years after initial onset. Multivariate analyses showed that age at diagnosis and disease behavior were independent risk factors for initial intestinal resection (P＜0.05). All but 4 patients had complete follow-up after the surgery with a median duration of 20.4 months. Endoscopic recurrence rate was 52.6% within 1 year, and clinical recurrence rate was 22.5%. Median time to clinical recurrence was 22.6 months. Multivariate analyses showed that perianal disease was the only independent risk factor for clinical recurrence(P＜0.05). During the follow-up 2 patients(5%) underwent further operation and both had the same indications for the reoperation as that for the initial surgery. Conclusions Patients with CD have a high frequency of surgery and the postoperative recurrent rate is also high. Age at diagnosis and disease behavior are associated with the probability of initial surgery. The presence of perianal disease is associated with a higher risk of clinical recurrence.