经肛门直肠全系膜切除术现状及研究进展

全直肠系膜切除理念的提出是直肠癌外科治疗一项重要的变革，伴随腹腔镜技术的应用，使得腹腔镜下经肛门全直肠系膜切除术越来越被外科医师关注。对于肿瘤较大、骨盆狭小的男性肥胖患者，中低位直肠的暴露和分离仍然是个问题，而腹腔镜下完全经肛门全直肠系膜切除术可能是一种潜在的解决途径，在达到直肠癌根治切除要求的同时又尽可能保留肛门、避免腹部切口，患者不仅术后生活质量得到提高，而且美观。随着操作器械、手术平台的不断完善及经验总结后，该术式将有望在中低位直肠癌治疗中占重要地位。

Current situation and progress of Transanal total mesorectum excision

The concept of total mesorectal excision is an important change in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer. With the application of laparoscopy, laparoscopic total transductal mesorectal excision is becoming more and more concerned by the surgeon. Laparoscopic total transductal mesorectal excision may be a potential solution to the problem of low rectal cancer exposure and dissection in males with large tumors and small pelvic obesity. Not only to achieve the radical resection of rectal cancer requirements, but also to retain the anus as much as possible to avoid abdominal incision, the patient not only postoperative quality of life is improved, and beautiful. With the operation of equipment, surgical platform,technology constantly improvement,this procedure may play an important role in the treatment of middle and low rectal cancer.