颈部皮肤软组织扩张术的并发症及其防治

目的 分析颈部皮肤软组织扩张术并发症的原因及其防治方法。方法 92例颈部皮肤软组织扩张术。39例出现并发症，经采用清创缝合、更换扩张器、血肿清除止血、冲洗引流及抗感染等处理。取得了良好的效果。结果 39例患者，58个扩张部位出现了扩张器外露(21个)、扩张器渗漏(4个)、切口裂开(10个)、感染(16个)、血肿(15个)、皮瓣远端部分或表皮坏死(9个)、其他(7个)等并发症，发生率为42、4％。经及时处理，仅3例中断或严重影响了扩张术的进行，其余患者均达到了预期效果。结论 应充分考虑颈部组织结构的特殊性，精心设计，及时处理并发症。可有效的预防颈部皮肤软组织扩张术的并发症及其影响。

Complication and its prevention during skin soft-tissue expansion in neck

Objective To analyze the reasons and prevention and treatment of the complications of skin soft-tissue expansion in neck. Methods The complications happened in 39/92 cases in cervival skin soft-tissue expansion, which were corrected very well by debridement and suturing, replacing with new expander, hemotoma-clearing and hemostasis, adequate drainage, anti-infection and so on. Results Complications occurred in 58 expanders of 39 cases, such as implant exposure (21), implant buckling (4), dehiscence of incision (10), infection (16), hematoma (15), flap-necrosis (9), and the other (7). The ration of occurrence was about 42.4%. Most of the cases achieved the result as the anticipation by treated in time except 3 cases failure. Conclusion Special construction of the neck must be considered and the operation of the cervical skin soft-tissue expansion should be carefully designed, and the complications must be dealt with in time, then the complications and its influence would be reduce in efficiency.