丁卡因和罗哌卡因对大鼠臂丛神经毒性的比较

目的 比较丁卡因和罗哌卡因对大鼠臂丛神经的毒性.方法 成年雄性SD大鼠48只,体重410～430 g,随机分为8组(n=6):NS组、D1-3组和R1-4组.各组大鼠随机选取一侧腋鞘,分别注射生理盐水1ml,0.25%、0.5%、1%丁卡因0.5 ml,0.25%、0.5%、1%罗哌卡因1 ml,2%罗哌卡因0.5 ml.以另一侧作为对照,注射后5 d时,测定臂丛神经动作电位的最大振幅及传导速度(NCV).结果 与对照侧比较,D2,3,组和R3,4组注射侧臂丛神经动作电位的最大振幅降低,NCV减慢(P<0.05);与NS组注射侧比较,D2,3组和R3,4组臂丛神经动作电位的最大振幅降低,NCV减慢(P<0.05);与D1组注射侧比较,D2,3组臂丛神经动作电位的最大振幅降低,NCV减慢(P<0.05);与D2组注射侧比较,D3组臂丛神经动作电位的最大振幅降低,NCV减慢,R2组臂丛神经动作电位的最大振幅升高,NCV加快(P<0<05);与D1组注射侧比较,R3组臂丛神经动作电位的最大振幅升高,NCV加快(P<0.05);与R1-3组注射侧比较,R4组臂丛神经动作电位的最大振幅降低,NCV减慢(P<0.05).结论 等效剂量丁卡因对臂丛神经的毒性较罗哌卡因大.

Comparison of neurotoxic effects of tetracaine and ropivacaine on brachial plexus nerve in rats

Objective To compare the neurotoxic effects of tetracaine and ropivacaine on the brachial plexus nerve in rats. Methods Forty-eight adult male SD rats weighing 410-430 g were randomly divided into 8 groups ( n = 6 each): group normal saline (group NS), group D1-3 and group R1-4 . The rats in group NS, D1-3 and R1-4 received injection ofO.9% saline 1 ml, 0.25% , 0.5% and 1% tetracaine 0.5 ml, 0.25% , 0.5% and 1% ropivacaine 1 ml, and 2% ropivacaine 0.5 ml respectively through one side of the axillary sheath. The other side was set as the control side. Five days later, the maximum amplitude of brachial plexus nerve action potential and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) of brachial plexus nerve were determined. Results Compared with the control side, the maximum amplitude of nerve action potential and NCV were significantly decreased in group D2-3 and R3-4( P < 0.05). The maximum amplitude of nerve action potential and NCV were significantly decreased in group D2,3 and R3,4 than in group NS (P < 0.05). The maximum amplitude of nerve action potential and NCV were significantly decreased in group D than in group D, ( P < 0.05) . The maximum amplitude of nerve action potential and NCV were significantly decreased in group D3, and the maximum amplitude of nerve action potential and NCV were significantly increased in group R2 than in group D2( P < 0.05) . The maximum amplitude of nerve action potential and NCV were significantly increased in group R3 than in group D3(P< 0.05). The maximum amplitude of nerve action potential and NCV were significantly decreased in group R4 than in group R1-3 ( P < 0.05) .ConclusionEquivalent dose tetracaine has a greater neurotoxicity than ropivaca ine.