青春期大鼠左侧精索静脉的解剖变异及其在实验性左侧精索静脉曲张模型中的运用

目的:探索青春期大鼠左侧精索静脉(LSV)解剖变异对诱导实验性左侧精索静脉曲张(ELV)的影响。方法:将30只雄性青春期SD大鼠随机分成3组,每组10只。A组缩窄左肾静脉并结扎LSV侧支,B组仅缩窄左肾静脉,C组为假手术组。观察LSV走行,测量其直径。术后30 d分析左肾大体和组织学变化,并再次测量LSV直径。结果:大鼠LSV 90%存在不规律出现的侧支,仅10%无侧支。术后各组左肾未见异常。A、B、C组LSV直径术前和术后分别为(0.16±0.08)mm和(1.47±0.15)mm、(0.15±0.07)mm和(0.31±0.49)mm、(0.16±0.06)mm和(0.17±0.07)mm。A组术后直径较术前明显增粗(P0.01),B组和C组均无统计学差异(P均0.05)。术后LSV直径A组明显大于B组(P0.01)。A组ELV诱导成功率为100%,B组为10%(仅1只LSV无侧支的大鼠造模成功),C组未见曲张。结论:认清LSV解剖回流,并结扎其不规律出现的侧支是建立稳定一致的ELV模型的关键。

Anatomical variability of the left spermatic vein and establishment of the experimental left varicocele model in adolescent rats

Objective： To identify the anatomical variability of the left spermatic vein （LSV） and determine its effect on the induction of experimental left varicocele （ELV） in adolescent rats. Methods： We equally randomized 30 adolescent male SD rats to groups A （LSV collaterals fully ligated and the left renal vein constricted）, B （only the left renal vein constricted） , and C （sham operation） , observed the courses of the LSVs and measured their diameters. At 30 days after operation, we analyzed the changes in the left kidneys and the diameters of the LSVs. Results ： Irregular collaterals were observed in 90% of the LSVs and no abnormal changes were found in the left kidneys after surgery. The postoperative LSV diameter was remarkably increased in group A as compared with the baseline （ 1.47 ± 0.15 ] vs 0.16 ± 0.08 ] mm, P 〈 0.01 ）, but showed no significant difference in group B （ 0.31 ± 0.49 ] vs 0.15 ±0.07] mm, P 〉0.05） and C （ 0.17 ±0.07] vs 0.16 ±0.06] mm, P 〉0.05）, and it was significantly longer in A than in B （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The success rate of ELV induction was 100% in group A and 10% in group B, but no varicocele was observed in group C. Conclusion ： Correct identification of the anatomical course of the LSV and ligation of its irregular collaterals are essential for the establishment of a stable and consistent ELV model.