慢性前列腺炎疗效与患者精神状况及相关因素Cox回归分析

目的:筛选验证与慢性前列腺炎/慢性骨盆疼痛综合征(CP/CPPS)相关的精神心理因素,采用Cox回归分析方法研究这些精神心理因素及其他相关因素对CP/CPPS治疗效果的影响,为CP/CPPS治疗过程中有针对性的精神心理干预提供科学依据。方法:连续调查于我院就诊的291名CP/CPPS患者(病例组)的年龄、文化程度、职业、性格类型、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、病程、NIH慢性前列腺炎症状指数(NIH-CP-SI)和前列腺液白细胞计数,同时选择相同年龄阶段的健康男性100名(对照组)进行病例对照研究,筛选验证与CP/CPPS相关的精神心理因素。调查结束后,病例组所有患者均接受为期6周的统一方案治疗并进行随访(6周),以治疗是否有效为终结事件,以治疗见效时间为时间变量,采用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析研究与CP/CPPS相关的精神心理因素及其他可能影响CP/CPPS治疗效果的因素,筛选能够影响CP/CPPS治疗效果的相关因素。结果:病例组回收有效问卷258份,对照组回收有效问卷87份。病例组SAS和SDS评分分别为(42.8±11.43)分和(48.15±11.49)分,均显著高于对照组SAS(32.12±9.68)分,SDS(35.12±10.81)分,P<0.01]。病例组焦虑、抑郁以及焦虑或/和抑郁障碍的检出率分别为25.97%、21.71%和34.50%,均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);内向性格和外向性格的检出率亦分别高于和低于对照组(P<0.01);提示焦虑、抑郁和内向性格与CP/CPPS具有正联系,而外向性格与CP/CPPS具有负联系。病例组接受为期6周统一治疗后的总有效率达70.54%,Cox回归分析显示,在上述与CP/CPPS相关的4个因素(焦虑、抑郁、内向性格、外向性格)和另外可能影响CP/CPPS治疗效果的4个因素(年龄、病程、前列腺液中白细胞计数、CPSI)中,对CP/CPPS治疗效果有确切负性影响的危险因素有焦虑、抑郁和病程。结论:焦虑和抑郁等精神心理障碍在CP/CPPS发生、发展及治疗转归过程中具有重要作用;在CP/CPPS治疗过程中,应充分重视患者的精神心理状况,必要时应有针对性地给予适当的精神心理干预。

Correlation of the Prognosis of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome with Psychological and Other Factors: A Cox Regression Analysis

OBJECTIVE: To establish the role of psychological factors in the etiology and symptomatology of chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), analyze the influence of the psychological obstacles and other relative factors on the prognosis of CP/CPPS by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and provide a scientific basis for psychotherapy of the problem. METHODS: A total of 291 CP/CPPS patients and 100 normal controls were investigated in age, education, occupation, character, disease course, NIH chronic prostatitis syndrome index (NIH-CPSI) and leukocyte count in EPS and by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) to establish the psychological factors related with CP/CPPS. Then, all the CP/CPPS patients were treated with the same method and followed up for 6 weeks. Based on the therapeutic results, the influence of psychological and other relative factors on the prognosis of CP/CPPS was analyzed with univariate and multivariate Cox regression. RESULTS: All together 258 valid questionnaires were collected from the patients and 87 from the normal controls. Of the 258 CP/CPPS patients, the mean scores on SAS and SDS were 42.8 +/- 11.43 and 48.15 +/- 11.49 respectively, both significantly higher than those of the controls (32.12 +/- 9.68 and 35.12 +/- 10.81) (P < 0.01). The rates of anxiety, depression and anxiety and/or depression in the CP/CPPS group were 25.97, 21.71 and 34.50 % respectively, all significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.01). The rate of introversion was significantly higher while that of extroversion significantly lower in the former than in the latter (P < 0.01). The total effectiveness rate of treatment was 70.54 % in the CP/CPPS patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses with Cox regression revealed that anxiety, depression and disease course were the definite factors that negatively affected the prognosis of CP/CPPS, while the other factors, such as age, CPSI, character and leukocyte count in EPS had no influence. CONCLUSION: Such psychological obstacles as anxiety and depression play an important role in the pathogenesis, development and prognosis of CP/CPPS. In the treatment of CP/ CPPS, importance should be attached to the patients'psychological status and proper psychological intervention is sometimes necessary.