5-氟尿嘧啶预防屈肌腱粘连的临床研究

目的评价局部应用5-氟尿嘧啶对屈肌腱修复术后防止肌腱粘连和功能恢复的作用。方法选择2003年8月-2007年6月收治的48例开放性锐器伤致手部屈肌腱完全断裂患者，根据就诊时间随机分为5-氟尿嘧啶组及对照组。5-氟尿嘧啶组：26例39指，男17例，女9例；年龄（29．3±9．8）岁；I区损伤19指，II区损伤20指；单指肌腱损伤12例，2指以上14例；伤后（2．4±1．6）h手术。对照组：22例36指，男14例，女8例；年龄（26．1±8．7）岁；I区损伤16指，II区损伤20指；单指肌腱损伤10例，2指以上12例；伤后（2．1±1．8）h手术。两组患者年龄、性别、肌腱损伤分区和单指损伤比例比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。5-氟尿嘧啶组于屈肌腱修复后局部应用浓度25mg／mL的5-氟尿嘧啶浸泡的脑棉片贴合于肌腱修复部位的腱鞘滑膜面4次，每次1min；对照组应用等量生理盐水替代5-氟尿嘧啶液。结果术后两组伤口均I期愈合，无切口感染及肌腱断裂发生。5-氟尿嘧啶组患者均获随访，随访时间3～8个月，平均4．1个月；对照组患者均获随访，随访时间3～8个月，平均3．9个月。采用手指总主动活动度评价法评定疗效：5-氟尿嘧啶组优22指，良13指，可3指，差1指，优良率89．7％；对照组优11指，良15指，可9指，差1指，优良率72．2％。5．氟尿嘧啶组明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）。两组疗效为差的1例均于术后6个月行肌腱松解术，术后功能恢复良好。结论5-氟尿嘧啶可有效减少屈肌腱修复术后的肌腱粘连。

EFFECTS OF 5-FLUOROURACIL ON TENDON ADHESION FORMATION AFTER FLEXOR TENDON REPAIR

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) applied topically on preventing adhesion and promoting functional recovery after tendon repair. METHODS: From August 2003 to June 2007, 48 patients with flexor tendon rupture of the fingers by sharp instrument were treated and randomly divided into two groups. In 5-FU group, 39 fingers of 26 patients included 17 males and 9 females, aged (29.3 +/- 9.8) years; the locations were zone I in 19 fingers and zone II in 20 fingers; single finger was involved in 12 cases and more than 2 fingers were involved in 14 cases; and the time from injury to operation was (2.4 +/- 1.6) hours. In control group, 36 fingers of 22 patients included 14 males and 8 females; aged (26.1 +/- 8.7) years; the locations were zone I in 16 fingers and zone II in 20 fingers; single finger was involved in 10 cases and more than 2 fingers were involved in 12 cases; and the time from injury to operation was (2.1 +/- 1.8) hours. No statistically significant difference was found in constituent ratio of age, gender, injured fingers and their zones, between two groups (P > 0.05). The repair site in 5-FU group was given 5-FU at a concentration of 25 mg/mL with a soaked sponge, and the synovial sheath of the repaired site was wrapped with the 5-FU-soaked sponge for 1 minute for 4 times after the tendons were repaired; normal saline was used in the control group. RESULTS: Wound healed by first intention and no infection and tendon rupture occurred in two groups. The patients were followed up for 3-8 months (mean 4.1 months) and 3-8 months (mean 3.9 months) in 5-FU group and in control group respectively. The functional recovery degrees of the fingers were evaluated with total active movement (TAM) evaluation system. In 5-FU group, the results were excellent in 22 fingers, good in 13 fingers, fair in 3 fingers and poor in 1 finger; the excellent and good rate was 89.7%. In control group, the results were excellent in 11 fingers, good in 15 fingers, fair in 9 fingers and poor in 1 finger; the excellent and good rate was 72.2%. There was statistically significant difference in the functional recovery degrees of fingers between two groups (P < 0.05). The 2 fingers which had a poor result in 5-FU group and control group were served with tenolysis was performed in 2 cases having poor results after 6 months of operation and had an excellent result at last. CONCLUSION: 5-FU applied topically can reduce tendon adhesions after the ruptured tendon repair.