组织工程骨修复兔下颌骨缺损的实验研究

目的:探讨以兔骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)为种子细胞、纳米羟基磷灰石/胶原(nHAC)为支架材料、兔自体富血小板血浆(PRP)为生长因子,构建组织工程骨修复兔下颌骨缺损能力。方法:兔下颌骨体部15mm×15mm全层骨缺损分别采取:A组,组织工程骨;B组,自体髂骨;C组,单纯nHAC材料;D组,对照组修复。术后1、3、6个月行放射性核素骨检测、骨密度测定及组织学观察。结果:放射性核素骨检测:术后1、3个月,A、B组成骨代谢能力明显优于C、D组,术后6个月时,各组之间骨代谢能力无明显差异;骨密度测定:A、B、C组骨缺损区域骨密度逐渐增加明显高于D组,术后3个月A组、B组骨密度较C组明显提高;组织学检查:A组术后1个月可见小片状类骨质出现,nHAC开始降解,术后3个月时新生骨成大片状结构,术后6个月nHAC几乎全部降解,缺损由骨组织修复,其成骨量与B组无明显差异却明显大于C组,D组仅为纤维组织修复。结论:本实验构建的组织工程骨修复颌骨缺损能力与自体髂骨相似而强于单独使用nHAC,且nHAC材料于体内可完全降解,因此BMSCs与nHAC及自体PRP复合所构建的组织工程骨是一种良好的骨缺损替代材料。

Experimental Study of Tissue Engineering Bone Repairing Defects of Rabbit Mandibular Bone

Objective: To study the ability of reconstruction tissue engineering bone repairing defects of the rabbit mandibular bone.Methods: We take corresponding repair methods to repair the scope for 15 mm×15 mm of all of the bone defect of rabbit mandibular body: group A,tissue engineering bone;group B,autogenous iliac bone;group C,pure nHAC materials;group D,blank control group.At 1,3 and 6 months after surgery,radionuclide detection,bone density measurement and histological observation were used.Results: Radionuclide bone detection results showed: after 1,3 months,the ability of bone metabolism of group A and B was obviously better than group C,D but there was no significant differences between A and B;after 6 months,there was no obvious differences among groups.Testing results of bone mineral density showed: bone mineral density of group A,B and C was obviously higher than group D;after 3 months,that of group A,B was more obviously improved than group C and there was no significant differences between A and B.Histological examination results showed: after 1 month,small slice of bone was appeared and nHAC started to decay;after 3 months,a large patch of new bone structured;after 6 months,nHAC almost all degraded,the defect area of bone was repaired by bone tissue,there was no obvious difference between bone mass of group A,B,but bone mass of group A was obviously higher than group C and group D which was only repaired by fiber tissue.Conclusion: The ability of tissue engineering construction bone which was used to repair the defect of jaw bone was similar with autogenous iliac.