华东地区正常少年儿童舌骨位置变化与年龄及性别的相关性分析

目的:通过测量华东地区不同年龄少年儿童颌面CT上舌骨的位置,研究少年儿童生长发育期间舌骨位置的变化及性别差异.方法:从上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院拍摄的(拍摄日期从2009年9月至2010年8月)颌面CT中筛选出281例华东地区少年儿童的CT图像,年龄6～18岁,男141例,女140例.将研究对象根据年龄分为4组,第1组为6～9岁(66例),第2组为10～12岁(62例),第3组为13～15岁(81例),第4组为16～18岁(72例).将CT原始图像数据通过三位图形软件进行三维重建,确定正中矢状面,在正中矢状面上测量舌骨点前后、垂直及相对颅底的位置参数.应用SPSS 16.0软件包中的t检验及线性相关分析对数据进行统计学分析.结果:舌骨前后向及相对颅底的位置在各年龄组均无性别差异.第3组和第4组舌骨垂直向位置有性别差异.男性舌骨前后、垂直向及相对颅底位置和女性舌骨垂直向位置与年龄呈正相关.上、下颌骨的位置与舌骨的位置相关.结论:在儿童期,舌骨位置未表现出性别差异;少年期,男性舌骨位置更低.随着年龄变化,男性舌骨位置表现出更大的变化.上、下颌骨位置影响舌骨的位置.

The differences and changes of hyoid position of eastern Chinese children and adolescents by age and gender

PURPOSE： By using 3-dimensional image processing software, the hyoid parameters were measured to study the differences and changes of hyoid position of eastern Chinese children and adolescents by age and gender. METHODS： CT-scans of 281 Chinese children and adolescents （140 girls, 141 boys） aged from 6 to 18 were selected among the patients who visited Shanghai Ninth People＇s Hospital. Child was defined as 6 to 12 years （yr）, and adolescent as 13 to 18 yr. All the subjects were divided into 4 groups according to age,group 1：6 to 9, group 2：10 to 12, group 3： 13 to 15 and group 4：16 to 18, By using 3-dimensional image processing software, the hyoid＇s vertical and backward- forward distances and other parameters were measured. Statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS software package （Version 16.0; SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA） to determine the differences between genders. Linear relationships were investigated between age and measurements. RESULTS： There was no significant difference in hyoid parameters between genders in children （group 1 and group 2）. In adolescents （group 3 and group 4）,male＇s hyoid was lower than female＇s. The vertical distance of hyoid was correlated with age. The parameters of the lower and upper jaw were correlated with those of hyoid hone. CONCLUSION： During puberty, sex dimorphism in hyoid was evident. The hyoid parameters were correlated with maxillary mandibular relationship. Supported by Research Found of Science andTechnology Commission of Shanghai Municipality（1 0140904300,08DZ2271100）.