Association between habitual snoring,middle ear disease,and speech problems in young children with non-syndromic cleft palate anomalies |
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| Institution: | 1. Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;3. Sleep Disorders Center, Centro Médico Teknon, Barcelona, Spain;4. Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;5. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;6. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;1. The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine – Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;2. Department of Oral Maxillofacial–Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;1. Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK;2. Liverpool Head and Neck Centre, Liverpool University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK;3. Astraglobe Ltd, Congleton, Cheshire, UK;4. Department of Sport & Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK;1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK;2. Department of Adult Histopathology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK;1. Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Academic Hospital of Udine, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy;2. Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK;1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany;2. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between habitual snoring (HS), middle ear disease (MED), and speech problems in children with cleft palate. This cross-sectional study included children aged 2.0–7.9 years with non-syndromic cleft palate anomalies. Parents completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire and a questionnaire about MED. Audiograms and speech assessment were also conducted. Ninety-five children were enrolled; 15.2% of families reported HS, 97.6% MED, and 17.1% speech problems. HS (37.5% vs 10.3%, P = 0.007) and early episodes of MED (92.3% vs 58.2%, P = 0.021) were more likely to be reported for children with isolated cleft palate when compared to those with cleft lip and palate. Children with cleft lip and palate had a higher frequency of MED with effusion compared to those with Robin sequence (86.4% vs 57.1%, P = 0.049). The odds ratio for HS in children with ≥1 episode of MED in the last year was 7.37 (95% confidence interval 1.55–35.15, P = 0.012). There was a trend for children with speech problems reported by parents to have HS (30.8% vs 11.5%, P= 0.076). Anatomical factors play a role in the frequency of upper airway symptoms in children with cleft palate. A recent history of at least one episode of MED was associated with an increased frequency of HS. |
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| Keywords: | children cleft palate otitis media Pierre Robin sequence snoring speech delay |
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