饮酒和细胞外超氧化物岐化酶、乙醛脱氢酶2基因多态性与口腔鳞状细胞癌的相关性研究

目的 探讨饮酒和细胞外超氧化物岐化酶（EC-SOD）、乙醛脱氢酶2（ALDH2）基因多态性与口腔鳞状细胞癌患病之间的关系。方法 采用病例对照研究的方法，以750例口腔鳞状细胞癌患者（病例组）及750例非癌对照者（对照组）的外周血白细胞为样本，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术分析EC-SOD和ALDH2基因的多态性，并分析该基因多态性与口腔鳞状细胞癌患病的关系。结果 病例组EC-SOD（C/G）和ALDH2变异基因型频率分别为38.27%、69.47%，对照组则为21.07%、44.40%，二者差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。EC-SOD（C/G）患口腔鳞状细胞癌的风险显著增加（OR=2.32），ALDH2变异基因型的患病风险也显著增加（OR=2.85）。基因突变的协同分析发现，EC-SOD（C/G）/ALDH2变异基因型在病例组和对照组中的分布频率分别为30.67%和6.80%，二者差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。EC-SOD（C/G）/ALDH2变异基因型患口腔鳞状细胞癌的风险显著增加（OR=8.13）。病例组的饮酒率明显高于对照组（OR=2.70），EC-SOD（C/G）及ALDH2变异基因型与饮酒有协同作用（OR=25.00）。结论 EC-SOD及ALDH2变异基因型和饮酒是口腔鳞状细胞癌的易患因素，三者联合在口腔鳞状细胞癌的发生中有协同作用。

Correlation between drinking behavior and polymorphisms of extracellular superoxide dismutase,aldehyde dehy-drogenase 2 genes,and oral squamous cell carcinoma

Objective  To investigate the correlation between drinking behavior and polymorphism combination of extracel-lular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) genes and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods   The genetic polymorphisms of EC-SOD and ALDH2 were analyzed by polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction technique in peripheral blood leukocytes of 750 oral squamous cell carcinoma cases and 750 non-cancer controls. Results   The frequencies of EC-SOD (C/G) and ALDH2 variant genotypes were 38.27% and 69.47% in oral squamous cell carcinoma cases and 21.07% and 44.40% in healthy controls, respectively. Statistical tests showed significant difference in the frequencies between the two groups (P<0.01). The risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma with EC-SOD (C/G) was significantly higher than that of controls (OR=2.32). Individuals carrying ALDH2 variant genotypes had high risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OR=2.85). Combined analysis of the polymorphisms showed that percentages of EC-SOD (C/G)/ALDH2 variant genotypes in oral squamous cell carcinoma and control groups were 30.67% and 6.80%, respectively (P<0.01). Individuals carrying EC-SOD (C/G)/ALDH2 variant genotypes had high risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OR=8.13). The drinking rate of the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (OR=2.70). Statistical analysis suggested an interaction between drinking and EC-SOD (C/G) and ALDH2 variant genotypes, which increase risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OR=25.00). Conclusion   EC-SOD (C/G) and ALDH2 variant genotypes and drinking are the risk factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma, which could carry out a coordinated attack of oral squamous cell carcinoma.