硬腭前份神经支配增龄性变化的临床研究

通过对替牙列期和恒牙列期患者硬腭前份麻醉效果的观察，研究硬腭前份的神经支配以及与个体发育和年龄的关系，为临床前腭部局部麻醉方式的选择以及颌面部神经发育研究提供参考。

Clinical study of age-related sensory innervation of the anterior hard palate

Objective The present study aimed to explore the innervation of the anterior hard palatine and its relationship with individual development stage. Specifically, the effects of anesthesia on patients of different ages were observed, and neurodevelopment in the maxillofacial region was invesitgated. References that are helpful in selecting local anesthesia were provided. Methods A total of 182 patients with mixed dentition were randomly divided into the nasopalatine nerve block and greater palatine nerve block groups. Then, 219 patients with permanent dentition were divided into an adolescent group(13-18 years old) and adult group(over 19 years old), all of whom underwent bilateral greater palatine nerve block. Palatal mucosal pain sensation was tested pre-and post-anesthesia with Von Frey hairs. Results Among the children with mixed dentition, bilateral greater palatine nerve block tended to result in better anesthetic effects than nasopalatine nerve block(P<0.05), except in the incisive papilla. No difference in anesthetic effect was observed between adolescents and adults(P>0.05). The bilateral greater palatine nerve block was more effective in inducing an anesthestic effect in the anterior hard palatine in mixed dentition than in permanent dentition(over 13 years old;P<0.05). Conclusion The sensation of the anterior hard palatine seems mainly dominated by the greater palatine nerve until mixed dentition and gradually shifted to the nasopalatine nerve in conjunction with maxillary development and tooth replacement. Hence, the innervation of the anterior hard palatine induce a secondary development during the development of the maxilla.