Proanthocyanidin encapsulation for sustained bioactivity in dentin bioadhesion: A two-year study |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA;2. Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;3. Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Walter Scott Jr. College of Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesTo determine the long-term effect on the stability of dentin-resin interfaces after the addition of polylactide (PLA) capsules containing proanthocyanidin (PAC) to adhesive resin.MethodsSub-micron (SM) and micron (M) size capsules containing PACs were produced using a combination of emulsification and solvent evaporation techniques and characterized. Human dentin surfaces (n = 8) were etched (35% glycolic acid) and primed (15% enriched Vitis vinifera extract solution - VVe), followed by the application of an experimental adhesive containing 0 (control), 1.5 wt% of SM or M PAC-filled PLA capsules light cured for 40 s. A crown was built using commercial composite. After 24 h-immersion (37 °C) in simulated body fluid, specimens were serially sectioned into resin-dentin beams. Microtensile bond strength (TBS), micro-permeability and fracture pattern were assessed immediately and after 1 and 2 years. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post-hoc test (α = 0.05).ResultsPolydisperse capsules were manufactured with average diameter of 0.36 µm and 1.08 µm for SM and M, respectively. The addition of capsules did not affect TBS (p = 0.889). After 2 years, TBS significantly decreased in SM (p = 0.006), whereas M showed similar initial values (p = 0.291). Overall, less micro-permeability was found in M than the control and SM group (p < 0.001). After 2 years, fractured surfaces from capsule-containing groups failed within the adhesive layer while control fractured at the bottom of the hybrid layer.SignificanceThe addition of PAC-filled PLA microcapsules in a dental adhesive did not affect the bond strength while increased and sustained the protection against micro-permeability in the interface, likely due to release of PACs. |
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| Keywords: | Proanthocyanidins Bond strength Polylactide capsules Bioactive release Sustained release PAC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"key0010"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"proanthocyanidin ECM"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"key0020"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"extracellular matrix SBF"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"key0030"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"simulated body fluid VV"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"key0040"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "$$":[{"#name":"italic" "_":"Vitis vinifera MeOH"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"key0050"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"methanol DCM"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"key0060"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"dichloromethane |
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