Prx1+骨骼干细胞的研究进展

配对相关同源基因1(paired related homeobox 1, Prx1/Prrx1/MHox）在胚胎肢芽和颅面发育中高表达，成体中的Prx1+细胞分布在长骨的骨膜、骨髓和颅骨的骨缝中，表现出间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs）或骨骼干细胞（skeletal stem cells，SSCs）的特征。近期的研究显示，表达Prx1基因的骨骼干细胞（Prx1+ skeletal stem cells, Prx1+SSCs）参与了骨骼的创伤愈合和对机械应力的应答反应。同时，牙周膜中Prx1+细胞在牙周组织正常发育和缺损修复中发挥的作用也受到关注。该文回顾Prx1基因和Prx1+细胞的特征和功能，总结Prx1+SSCs对骨骼改建或修复的作用，有助于SSCs在调控颅面骨生长、促进牙槽骨再生中的深入研究。

Research progress of Prx1~+ skeletal stem cells

The paired related homeobox gene Prx1 is highly expressed during embryonic lib formation and craniofacial development.Postnatal Prx1⁺cells located in periosteum,bone marrow or calvarial sutures display the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)or skeletal stem cells(SSCs).Recent research has shown that Prx1⁺SSCs participate in fracture healing and respond to mechanical forces in bone.At the same time,Prx1⁺cells in the periodontal ligament are noticed for its contribution to the normal development and defect repair of periodontal tissues.This paper reviews the characteristics and function of Prx1 gene and Prx1⁺cells and gives a summary of the role Prx1⁺SSCs play in bone remodeling and repair,which is helpful for the further studies of SSCs in regulating orchestrate craniofacial growth and promoting the regeneration of alveolar bones.