气管及支气管裂伤的影像诊断价值探讨

目的：提高对气管、支气管裂伤的认识。材料与方法：对1例支气管断裂患者的临床资料进行分析,并结合文献进行复习。结果：气管、支气管裂伤由外伤所致。临床表现为呼吸困难、紫绀、咳嗽、咯血等;胸部X线表现为气胸并可能为张力性气胸,肺不张、皮下气肿。CT三维重建可很好的显示裂伤情况;支气管镜在急诊时对诊断及治疗均有帮助,而在急性期后价值不大。结论：发生交通事故、撞击、挤压等外伤出现呼吸困难、紫绀、咳嗽、咯血等临床表现X线检查有气胸、肺不张、皮下气肿。胸骨和第1-3肋骨骨折应想到有气管、支气管裂伤的可能,立即行CT三维重建可明确诊断。

Discussion on Image Diagnosis Value of Trachea and Bronchus Laceration

Purpose:To report the trachea and bronchus laceration case.Materials and Methods:The clinical material of one bronchus laceration was analyzed and the literature was reviewed.Results:Trachea and bronchus laceration were caused by injury.The clinical symptoms were dyspnea,cyanosis,cough and hemoptysis etc;pneumathorax,probably tension pneumatothorax,atelectasis and subcutaneous emphysema were showed on chest X-ray.CT three dimensional reconstruction could show the laceration condition very well.The bronchoscope can help diagnosis and treatment for emergency cause,however it has no evaluation after acute stage.Conclusion:Traffic accidents,strike and crush.injury could cause dyspnea,cyanosis,cough and hemopysis etc.Clinincal symptoms and X-ray examination showed pneumatothonax,atelectasis and subcutaneous emphysema.sternum and the first to third ribs fracture shall probably cause trachea and bronchus laceration,and it must do CT three-dimensind reconstruction immediately to make clearlly diagnosis.