中国女性乳腺癌筛查现状及适宜模式探索

乳腺癌已成为中国女性最常见的恶性肿瘤, 但目前尚无规范的筛查标准和流程。欧美国家普遍采用以乳腺X线摄影为主要手段的乳腺癌普查模式, 但中国经济发展水平和女性的乳腺癌发病特点与欧美国家存在较大差别, 故其筛查模式并不适合中国。结合当前现有的针对中国女性乳腺癌筛查模式的研究和实践提示, 先采用乳腺癌风险模型进行评估, 对高危女性首选查体联合超声进行筛查, 成本效益较高, 且可提高早期诊断率, 是更适宜中国女性的乳腺癌筛查模式。

Current Status and Suitable Mode Evaluation of Breast Carcinoma Screening in Chinese Women

Though breast carcinoma has become the most common malignancy in Chinese women, there are no standardized screening methods and modes of breast carcinoma. In western countries, mammography is the standard imaging for breast carcinoma screening. The western mode of breast carcinoma screening is not suitable for Chinese women, since there are many differences in the characteristics of breast carcinoma and economic status between China and western countries. Previous studies and practices have implied that the suitable screening mode for Chinese women is to screen the high-risk women by physical examination and ultrasound after evaluating the risk of breast carcinoma for individuals, which is more cost-effective and can improve early detection rate.