尿路感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的探讨医院内尿路感染病原菌分布情况及耐药特征,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法分析2007～2009年625例尿液培养阳性的尿路感染病原菌分布及其对抗菌药物的耐药性。结果尿路感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主(68.1%),革兰阳性球菌为17.3%,真菌为14.6%;检出率分别为产ESBLS细菌43.1%、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)83.3%、氨基糖苷类耐药肠球菌(HLAR)62.8%,未发现万古霉素耐药肠球菌(VRE)菌株。结论革兰阴性杆菌是尿路感染的主要病原菌,病原菌的耐药率呈上升趋势;重视病原菌的监测和耐药性分析,对指导临床合理使用抗菌药物,控制医院感染具有重要意义。

Pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance of urinary infection

Objective To determine the distribution of pasthogens and their resistance characteristic in urinary infection and to provide the basis for clinicians to select antibiotics correctly.Methods Total 625 clinical isolates of urinary tract infection were collected from patients cured in our hospital from 2007 to 2009.Then,the kinds of isolated bacteria and their sensitive rate to antibiotics were analyzed.Results Among 625 strains,Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 68.1%,Gram-positive cocci 17.3% and fungi 14.6%;the detection rate was 43.1% for ESBLS-producing bacteria,83.3% for MRS and 62.8% for HLAR,VRE was not detected.Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli are major pasthogens of urinary infection and their resistance shows the increasing trend.Much attention should be paid to the detection and analysis of drug resistance,which is important to control nosocomial infection and select antibiotics correctly.