中美护理本科人文社会科学课程设置的比较研究

目的通过对中国与美国护理本科人文社会科学课程设置的比较研究,为我国护理本科人文社会科学课程设置提供参考依据。方法采用横向比较研究法对中国和美国各18所护理院校的全日制护理本科人文社会科学课程进行比较研究。结果中国护理本科人文社会科学必修课学时数占教学计划总学时数的比例高于美国,限选课学时数所占比例低于美国,以上差别均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;人文社会科学课程总学时数所占比例,中美两国院校之间的差别无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;美国人文社会科学课程的类型以学科课程为主,兼有综合课程,我国基本均为学科课程;美国人文社会科学必修课和限选课的科目有较为明确的区分,中国必修课和限选课的科目没有明确的区分。结论中国护理本科院校在人文社会科学课程设置的进一步改革中,应对该类课程的设置方案进行整体优化,在课程类型方面,应研究和开发综合课程,在课程开设形式上,应明确必修课和限选课各自的科目,使两者有机结合。

A Comparative Study on Curriculum Designs of Humanity and Society Sciences for Nursing Undergraduates between America and China

Objective To compare the curriculum designs of humanity and society sciences for nursing undergraduates between America and China so as to provide reference for the curriculum designs of humanity and society sciences for nursing undergraduates in China.Methods The transverse comparison was conducted to study the curriculum designs of humanity and society sciences for nursing undergraduates in 18 nursing schools each from America and China.Results The ratio between the periods for the compulsory courses of humanity and society sciences and the total periods for the curriculum in China was larger than that in American but it was opposite as for the limited optional courses（P〈0.05）.As for the ratio between the total periods for the courses of humanity and society sciences and the total periods for the curriculum,there was no significant difference between the two countries（P〉0.05）.The major courses were subject-oriented,mingled with some comprehensive ones in American,while they were almost subject-oriented in China.There was a distinct division between compulsory and optional courses in American while no division in China.Conclusion In the further reforms of curriculum designs of humanity and society sciences for nursing undergraduates,the schools of nursing should carry out holistic optimization for the curriculum,study and develop comprehensive courses as for course types,and specify compulsory and optional courses to combine the two forms of curriculum.