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社区老年人健康状况及护理服务需求调查研究
引用本文:肖又姑,宋国菊.社区老年人健康状况及护理服务需求调查研究[J].南方护理学报,2005,12(10):64-66.
作者姓名:肖又姑  宋国菊
作者单位:荆州市第二人民医院护理部 湖北荆州434000 (肖又姑),荆州市第二人民医院护理部 湖北荆州434000(宋国菊)
摘    要:目的调查社区老年人健康状况及护理需求,探讨符合我国国情规范化的社区老年护理服务体系。方法采用美国芝加哥伊州大学提供的日常生活功能量表、认知状态问卷量表以及老年抑郁量表作为筛查工具,根据特征问卷回答计算得分,超过一定的阈值得分表明属高危状态。结果调查510例65岁以上的老年人,慢性病患病率70.2%;无功能障碍者65.7%,生活能力轻度减退者20.2%,中度减退者11.7%,重度减退者2.4%,搭乘交通工具是老年人社会生活能力最早受到影响的部分,下降率为33.2%,其次是购物与上下楼梯,分别为19.9%与16.1%;认知功能完好者占92.0%,轻度受损者6.5%,重度受损者1.5%;22.9%的老年人存在不同程度的抑郁症状。同时,他们对社区护理服务需求很多,更多选择是医护人员的个别指导与讲解,分别为28.0%与27.0%。结论根据老年人健康状况,社区老年护理服务体系应包含以下内容:早期发现病人,个例护理方案、教育干预、支持服务体系以及健康生活质量的评估等,以便达到老年保健目标:增进健康、自立能力和最佳功能,防止可避免的健康状况下降,提高生活质量。

关 键 词:老年人  健康状况  社区护理服务体系
文章编号:1008-9969(2005)10-0064-03
收稿时间:2005-07-07
修稿时间:2005年7月7日

The elderly health conditions in the community and the nursing service system
XIAO Yougu,SONG Guoju.The elderly health conditions in the community and the nursing service system[J].Nanfang Journal of Nursing,2005,12(10):64-66.
Authors:XIAO Yougu  SONG Guoju
Abstract:Objective To investigate the elderly health conditions in the community and explore the standard nursing service system suitable for the conditions in China.Methods ADL,MMSE,and DSI provided by Illinois University in Chicago was used to screen the problems and a questionnaire designed pertinent to the problems was used to investigate 510 over-65-year-old patients in the survey,with the scores worked out.Those with higher scores than a set threshold were identified as high risky condition.Results Among the 510 elderly people,morbidity rate chronic diseases was 70.2%,the rate of non-functional disorder 65.7%.20.2%,11.7% and 2.4% of them had their ability of life lowered respectively to a slight,middle and severe extent.The ability to take public transports was weakened very soon,with decrease rate of 33.2%,followed by ability for shopping and walking up or down stairs,with rates of 19.9% and 16.1% respectively.92.0% of them were good in recognition,but 6.5% had recognition slightly damaged and 1.5% had severely.22.9% of them suffered from melancholia.The need for the community service was strong with a rate of 28.0% and 27.0% of them chose individual instruction and explanation.Conclusion According to the elderly health conditions,the nursing service system in the community should cover the following: early finding of patients,individual nursing,educational intervention,supporting service system and evaluation of healthy life,for the purpose of increase of self-dependence,prevention of avoidable decrease of health and increase of quality of life.
Keywords:elderly people  health condition  nursing service system in the community
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