恒速滴注法在高龄卧床管饲患者中的应用效果

目的探讨恒速滴注法在高龄卧床管饲患者中的应用效果。方法2010年5月至2011年8月，方便性抽样选择在解放军总医院住院治疗的携带鼻胃管或鼻肠管行胃肠营养的老年患者60例，按入院先后分为观察组和对照组各30例，观察组采用恒速滴注法管饲肠内营养乳剂，对照组采用常规管饲方法即分次推注法，观察并比较两组患者堵管、腹胀、腹泻、反流、误吸等并发症的发生率。结果观察组患者发生堵管、反流及误吸的例数均少于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）；发生腹胀与腹泻的例数与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。结论恒速滴注法肠内营养可有效满足高龄长期卧床患者的营养需求，预防和减少并发症的发生，推荐在临床广泛应用。

Effects Comparison between Constant Rate Drip Method and Fractional Bolus Method in Aged Patients with Tube Feeding

Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages between constant rate drip and the fractional bolus method in aged patients with tube feeding. Methods A total of 60 senior patients in bed with tube feeding were randomly divided into the observational group（n：30） using the constant rate drip method and control group（n=30） using the fractional bolus method. The incidence rate of complications, such as plugging, abdominal distension, diarrhea, regurgitation and aspiration, were assessed in both groups. Results The incidence rate of complications in observational group,except plugging＇s,were significantly lower than those in control group （P〈0.01）;conversely,the occurrence rate of plugging in obser- vational group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. Abdominal distension and regurgitation were significant easier to be observed for patients with nasogastric tube in the observational group than patients with nasointestinal tube in the same group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Constant rate drip method for enteral nutrition could effectively meet the nutritional needs of senior bedridden patient, prevent and reduce the incidence of complications, which is recommended to use widely in clinic.