有宗教信仰住院患者的文化照护需求调查简

目的了解有宗教信仰住院患者的文化照护需求，为制定相关管理制度及人员培训方案提供依据。方法便利选取2011年1月至2012年3月上海某大学附属三级甲等医院有宗教信仰的的患者200例，采用自行设计的“有宗教信仰的住院患者文化照护需求调查问卷”进行调查。结果排名前10位的有宗教信仰住院患者的文化照护需求是：（1）尊重患者的宗教信仰；（2）护士知晓宗教禁忌；（3）护士知晓避免触犯禁忌的方法；（4）隐私保护；（5）有维护宗教信仰患者权利的相关制度；（6）护士知晓宗教的生死观；（7）护士知晓宗教对治疗、用药的要求；（8）护士有基本的宗教常识；（9）做好饮食照护；（10）护士知晓宗教社交礼仪。不同宗教信仰的住院患者在尊重、治疗、饮食、环境、培训等5方面的文化照护需求差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；不同性别患者在尊重和环境两方面的文化照护需求差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论有宗教信仰的住院患者存在诸多文化照护需求，医疗卫生机构应制定尊重患者宗教信仰的相关制度，加强医护人员的培训并提升其文化照护的能力。

Cultural Care Needs of Inpatients with Religious Beliefs

Objective To investigate the religious cultural care needs of hospitalized patients to provide scientific basis to health administrative departments for making related management system and program of staff training. Methods By convenience sampling, a total of 200 inpatients with religious belief were recruited and assessed by the self-designed questionnaire ＂cultural care needs of inpatients with religious beliefs＂. Results The top ten religious cultural care needs of hospitalized patients were： （1）Inpatients＇ religious beliefs should be respected （2）The taboos of religions should be known by the medical staffs （3） Ways to avoid taboos of religions should be known by the medical staffs （4） Patients＇ privacy should be protected （5）System should be made to maintain the rights of religious patients （6）Religious patients＇ attitudes about life and death should be known by the medical staffs （7） Religious requirements of treat- ments and medication should be known by the medical staffs （8）Medical staffs need to know basic knowledge of religions （9）Medical staffs need to know patients＇ religious dietary requirements （10） Medical staffs need to have religious＇ etiquette knowledge. Significant differences in respect, therapy, diet, environment, training for inpatients with different religious beliefs were found （P〈0.05） ;Signifi- cant differences in respect and environment were found（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Inpatients with religious beliefs had many cultural care needs. Medical and health institutions should establish the relevant system to improve the medical staffs＇ cultural care ability for patients with religious beliefs.