微型营养评定法调查城区老年人营养状况及相关因素

目的采用微型营养评定法（mini nutritional assessment，MNA）评价武汉城区老年人的营养状况，分析营养不良的相关因素及预测因子。方法调查65岁及以上老年人162名，涉及人口统计学特征、工具性日常生活活动（instrumental activities of daily living，IADL）能力和营养状况评定，采用等级相关和多元逐步回归的统计学方法。结果根据MNA评分，36．4％的调查对象存在营养不良的危险，8．0％存在营养不良；61．7％的调查对象IADL完全独立。患病数目、年龄、IADL能力、婚姻状况、教育水平及收入与MNA评分显著相关（P〈0．05）；患病数目、年龄、IADL能力及婚姻状况是MNA评分的预测因子。结论约1／3的城区老年人存在营养不良的危险，部分老年人不能在社区完全独立生活；患多种慢性病、高龄、IADL依赖、丧偶老年人发生营养不良的危险性更大。

Investigation of Nutritional Status of Elders in Urban Areas and Its Related Factors by Mini Nutritional Assessment

：Objective To evaluate the suspected malnutrition status of elders in Wuhan urban areas and analyze its related risk factors and predictors by using mini nutritional assessment （MNA）. Methods With a cross-sectional correlation design, 162 elders in urban areas（≥65y） were administered three questionnaires, which were used to obtain demographic characteristics, instrumental activities of daily living （IADL） ability and nutritional status （MNA）. Spearman＇s correlation and multiple stepwise linear regression were conducted for data analyses. Results According to the scores of MNA,36.4% of surveyed elders had risks of malnutrition,8% malnourished and 61.7% totally independent of IADL. Thg number of chronic diseases, age, IADL score, marital status. education level and income were significantly correlated with MNA score（ P 〈0.05） , and number of chronic diseases,age, IADL ability and marital status were predictors. Conclusion About 1/3 surveyed elders in urban areas had risks of malnutrition and some of them couldn＇t live independently in the communities. The elders with several kinds of chronic diseases,advanced age,IADL dependence and Ioss of spouse have more risks of malnutrition.