骨髓造血基质的电子显微镜观察

为观察骨髓造血基质结构特点,作者采用电子显微镜观察雄性Wistar大鼠的骨髓基质的结构。乙醚麻醉后,从主动脉插管至肾动脉下方连同动脉一并结扎,静脉端开放。应用林格液50毫升灌流及2.5％戊二醛固定。将大鼠的股骨切成2mm的带有骨髓的骨片。用超声波处理将骨髓块震动3分钟后再固定。按常规方法制成电子显微镜样品,先后用扫描和透射电镜观察。发现位于窦旁的一种结构为网状细胞以扁平粗短突起构成只容纳一个造血细胞的网状结构。另一种结构为位于窦间的网状细胞以丝状细长突起构成可容纳数个血细胞的大网眼结构。成熟的血细胞是穿经窦内皮细胞释放到血循环中。血管外膜细胞突起伸向骨髓腔与窦间网状细胞突起相连形成有效的造血微环境的三维网状结构。作者并发现髓腔骨内膜表面一些多角形细胞渐移向骨髓腔,并包绕着血细胞,这种细胞可能是骨髓内最早发育的网状细胞,参与其支持组织的三维结构的形成。

Observation of Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stroma with Electron Microscopy

The characteristics of male Wistar rat bone marrow stroma were observed by electron microscopy. After anesthesia with ether, the catheterization was operated from aorta to lower part of renal artery and ligated them together, with the venous part opened. After lavage and fixing with 50 ml Ringer's injection and 2.5% glu-taraldehyde separately, the rat femor was cut into pieces of 2 mm thick. The bone marrow pieces were vibrated 3 minutes by ultrasonication and dual-fixed, then made into electron microscopic samples by routine method and observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. One kind of structures in the surface of hematopoi-etic cells was the perisinus meshes which consisted by short and broad microvilli and can hold about one blood cell. The other type of structures was large intersinus meshes of which composed of long and slender processes and can hold several blood cells. The mature cells were released to intersinus through sinusal endothelial cells. The effective hematopoietic microenvironment was a three dimensional architecture formed by intersinus reticular cells and adventitial cells extending to the bone marrow space. The flat multiangular cells covered the intraperiosteum may be the preliminary developed retcular cells in bone marrow space. As these polyangular cells migrated to bone marrow space and enwrapped blood cells, they may take part in the formation of the three dimensional architecture of bone marrow-supported tissue.