抗阻力训练对老年人心血管功能的影响及机制的初步研究

目的:探讨抗阻力训练对老年人肌肉力量、炎症因子及血管内皮功能的影响,揭示抗阻力训练改善老年人心血管功能的机制。方法:20例老年男性接受为期16周抗阻力训练,在训练前后采用超声诊断技术检测血流介导的血管舒张功能(flowmediated dilation,FMD),并对其肌肉力量以及血清炎症因子(TNF-α、hsCRP)的水平进行检测。结果:经过16周的抗阻力训练后,老年人的Fat%、安静心率、血压、胰岛素抵抗,以及血清hsCRP均出现显著下降(P<0.05),同时FMD和肌肉力量显著提高(P<0.05);肌肉力量增加的程度(r=0.591,P=0.006),hsCRP(r=0.468,P=0.037)、Fat%(r=0.553,P=0.011)、HOMA-IR(r=0.580,P=0.007)降低的程度与FMD的增加均呈显著正相关,多元线性逐步回归分析发现肌肉力量增加和血清hsCRP降低是FMD增加的独立影响因素。结论:抗阻力训练改善老年人血管内皮功能与肌肉力量的增加及炎症反应降低有关,这可能是抗阻力训练改善老年人心血管功能的机制之一。

The effects of resistance training on cardiovascular efficiency in older adults and related mechanisms:a pilot of study

Objective:To assess the effects of resistance training on muscle strength,inflammatory factors and endothelial function before and after exercise in older men, and to investigate the possible mechanisms of resistance training-induced improvement of cardiovascular function.Method:Twenty older men received a 16-week resistance training. The flow mediated dilation(FMD) was detected using ultrasound technique before and after exercise intervention. The muscle strength and serum inflammatory factors were also tested.Result:The fat%,heart rate,blood pressure,HOMA-IR and serum hsCRP level showed a significant decline after 16-week resistance training,while FMD and muscle strength improved significantly(P<0.05). The positive correlations between the improved FMD and increased muscle strength,as well as the reduced levels hsCRP、Fat%、HOMA-IR were found. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis revealed that the increase of muscle strength and decrease of serum hsCRP level were independent factors of the training-induced increase of FMD.Conclusion:The resistance training-induced improvement of endothelial function is related to the increase of muscle strength and the decrease of inflammatory reaction,which may be one of the mechanisms of resistance training-induced improvement of cardiovascular function in the elderly.