新发再发病原体与血液安全

乙肝病毒、丙肝病毒及人类免疫缺陷病毒等输血相关病原体经输血传播风险逐渐减低,目前维持在较低水平,新发再发病原体越来越多被认识到其对输血安全构成威胁,其中一些已知的,如疟原虫、人细小病毒B19、戊型肝炎病毒、登革热病毒、人类T淋巴细胞白血病病毒及西尼罗病毒等已经被证实可经输血传播。其中,登革病毒曾经在中国爆发或流行过,将来或可再次爆发流行,其对血液安全威胁不容忽视。目前,我国常规血液筛查的病原体筛查项目只有4种,由于新发再发病原体层出不穷,采供血系统尚未建立相应的筛查制度,我国的血液筛查系统面临很大的挑战。我们讨论了几种新发再发病原体在我国的流行情况,探讨其对血液安全的影响以及采供血机构个性化病原体筛查策略制订的可行性。

Emerging andre-emerging infectious pathogens and blood safety

The transfusion-transmission risk associated with the major transfusion-relevant pathogens, such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus, has been gradually reduced and maintained at a low level. There has been a growing awareness of the threat to blood safety from emerging andre-emerging infectious diseases, a number of which are known to be, such as plasmodium, human parvovirusB19, hepatitis E virus, dengue virus, human T-lymphocytic leukemia virus and West Nile virus, or are potentially transfusion transmissible, such as novel coronavirus. Among them, dengue virus was regional epidemic in China, and may outbreak again unpredictably in the future. Its threat to blood safety cannot be underestimated. At present, there are only four pathogen screening items for routine blood screening in China. Duetoan increasing number of emergingand re-emerging pathogens and the absence of screening strategies for new pathogens in blood centers, it would be a great challenge to blood safety in China. In this review, we documented the prevalence of several pathogens emerged in China, and discussed the impact on blood safety and the viability of personalized screening strategies foremerginginfectiouspathogens in blood centers.