中国1990年与2010年感染性腹泻的疾病负担及变化研究

目的 分析1990年和2010年中国人群感染性腹泻的疾病负担及其变化。方法 利用2010年全球疾病负担研究结果,以2010年全国人口普查数据作为标准人口计算标化率,分性别和年龄对感染性腹泻的发病、死亡和疾病负担情况进行对比分析。主要指标包括发病数和发病率、死亡数和死亡率、早死造成的生命损失年(YLL)、伤残造成的生命损失年(YLD)和伤残调整寿命年(DALY)。结果 2010年中国人群感染性腹泻发病886000955.60例,标化发病率71009.26/10万,死亡4364.14例,标化死亡率0.37/10万,造成的YLL、YLD和DALY分别为226660.71人年、1070780.40人年和1297441.10人年,YLL率、YLD率和DALY率分别为24.66/10万、97.96/10万和122.62/10万。与1990年相比,2010年发病指标有所下降,发病数和标化发病率分别下降6.94%和14.24%,死亡指标大幅下降,死亡数和标化死亡率分别下降93.88%和93.86%,YLL、标化YLL率、YLD、标化YLD率、DALY和标化DALY率降幅分别为95.17%、93.90%、18.81%、14.43%、78.43%和76.35%。中国感染性腹泻的疾病负担主要集中在5岁以下儿童。轮状病毒性肠炎是我国5岁组儿童感染性腹泻的主要疾病负担,产毒性大肠埃希菌感染是5~69岁组和70岁及以上人群的主要疾病负担。结论 与1990年相比,2010年我国人群感染性腹泻疾病负担大幅降低。5岁以下儿童是我国感染性腹泻防控的重点人群。

Disease burden of diarrhea in China, 1990 and 2010

Objective To understand the disease burden of diarrhea in China in 1990 and 2010 and compare the difference between the two years. Methods The data of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010) were used, the burden of diarrhea for Chinese population in 1990 and 2010 were analyzed and gender and age specific morbidity, mortality, years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD), disability adjusted life years (DALY) were calculated by using data of 2010 national census as standard. Results In 2010, a total of 886000955.60 cases of diarrhea, including 4364.14 deaths were reported in China, the standardized morbidity and the standardized mortality were 71009.26/lakh and 0.37/lakh, respectively and the related DALY, standardized DALY, YLL, standardized YLL, YLD, and standardized YLD were 226660.71 person years (PYRS), 24.66 PYRS/lakh, 1070780.40 PYRS, 97.96 PYRS/lakh, 1297441.10 PYRS, and 122.62 PYRS/lakh, respectively. Compared with 1990, the above mentioned indicator values decreased by 6.94%, 14.24%, 95.17%, 93.90%, 18.81%, 14.43%, 78.43% and 76.35%, respectively, in 2010. The burden of diarrheal diseases was heavy in children aged 5 years, and Rotavirus enteritis was the major disease, Enterotoxigenic E. coli infection was the major disease in people both aged 5-69 years and aged 70 years. Conclusion Compared with 1990, all the values of indicators showing the burden of diarrheal diseases in Chinese declined significantly in 2010.Children aged 5 years was the key population in diarrheal disease prevention and control.