长期无症状吸烟者肺小气道损害的HRCT表现

目的　探讨无症状长期吸烟者肺小气道损害的深吸气末和深呼气末HRCT表现。方法　非吸烟组 2 5例和吸烟组 45例 ,吸烟组按吸烟量分为轻度吸烟组和重度吸烟组。行吸气末和呼气末HRCT扫描 ,分析HRCT表现。结果　小叶中心型肺气肿、间隔旁型肺气肿、肺实质微结节、磨玻璃样密度影、空气潴留等在吸烟组的发生率高于非吸烟组 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;小叶中心型肺气肿、间隔旁型肺气肿和空气潴留在重度吸烟组的发生率高于轻度吸烟组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　长期无症状吸烟者肺小气道损害的特征性HRCT表现为小叶中心型肺气肿、肺实质微结节、磨玻璃样密度影和空气潴留。

Small Airway Diseases to Cigarette Smoking without Symptom:Functional HRCT Evaluation

Objective To evaluate the value of the end inspiratory and end expiratory HRCT (functional HRCT) in detecting early stage small airway disease to cigarette smoking. Methods The end inspiratory and end expiratory HRCT was performed prospectively in 70 subjects (25 non smokers and 45 smokers) without any history of pulmonary diseases or present pulmonary symptoms.The smokers were divided into heavy and light grades. The findings of HRCT were analyzed. Results The incidence of centrilobular emphysema, paraseptal emphysema, parenchymal micronodules, areas of ground glass attenuation and air trapping in smoking group was higher than that in non smoking group ( P <0.05 or P <0.01). The incidence of centrilobular emphysema, paraseptal emphysema and air trapping in heavy smokers was higher than that in light ones ( P <0.05). Conclusion The smoker's significant HRCT fingings are centrilobular emphysema, parenchymal micronodules, areas of ground glass attenuation and air trapping.