急性胸痛患者使用院前急救医疗服务的影响因素探讨

目的分析急性胸痛患者的基本特征，探讨其选择使用院前急救医疗服务（EMS）的影响因素。方法连续收集2014年10月至2015年4月所有因急性胸痛就诊山东大学齐鲁医院急诊科的747例有效患者。记录急性胸痛患者的人口学特征、就诊方式、胸痛特点、既往史。采用Logistic 多因素回归分析比较急性胸痛患者的年龄、性别、文化程度、医保类型、胸痛症状是否典型、有无放射痛及既往病史是否与使用 EMS 有关。结果747例急性胸痛患者中男性414例，占55.4％，年龄（57.2±15.8）岁，女性333例，占44.6％，年龄（61.7±14.9）岁，使用 EMS 共171例，占22.9％；未使用 EMS 576例，占77.1％。年龄大于75岁胸痛患者134例，较其他年龄段胸痛患者更倾向于使用 EMS （P ＜0.01），65～75岁年龄组胸痛患者152例，使用 EMS 比例最低；男性比女性更倾向于使用 EMS （P ＜0.05）；典型胸痛患者483例，使用 EMS 比例较胸痛不典型患者高（P ＜0.05）；既往有高血压病史胸痛患者356例，脑梗死病史胸痛患者54例，使用 EMS的比例较高（均 P ＜0.01）。多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示：男性、年龄大于75岁、既往脑梗死病史是急性胸痛患者 EMS 使用的独立影响因素（P ＜0.05）。结论本研究胸痛患者中使用 EMS 的比例低于1／3。男性、年龄大于75岁、脑梗死病史的急性胸痛患者更倾向于使用 EMS。对于未使用EMS 的急性胸痛患者应加强宣教，以促进患者求医行为的增强，改善预后。

Factors influencing utilization of pre-emergency medical services in patients with acute chest pain

Objective To describe the general characteristics of patients with acute chest pain in order to analyze factors associated with patients’utilization of emergency medical services (EMS).Methods A total of 747 eligible patients with acute chest pain admitted to emergency department of Qilu Hospital were consecutively enrolled from October 2014 to April 2015.Clinical data including demographic features, mode of arrival,past medical history,risk factors,symptoms and signs were collected prospectively by using standardized case report form.Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to investigate the association between the decision to use EMS and related factors including demographic features,past medical history,risk factors,symptoms and signs.Results Of the total 747 eligible patients,414 (55.4%)were male ,and the mean age was (57.2 ± 15.8)year;333 (44.6%)were female,and the mean age was (61.7 ±14.9)year.Of them,171 (22.9%)patients used EMS,and 143 chest pain patients with more than 75 years old were more inclined to use EMS (P <0.01),whereas 152 patients in 65 -75 years age group accounted for the lowest proportion of using EMS.Men were more inclined to use EMS than women (P <0.05),and 483 patients with typical chest pain used more EMS than patients with atypical chest pain (P <0.05);Of them,356 patients with a history of hypertension and 54 patients with a history of cerebral infarction were more inclined to use EMS (P <0.05 and P <0.01,respectively).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male,older than 75 years,history of cerebral infarction were independent factors associated with EMS use (P <0.05).Conclusions This study indicated that only less than one-third of emergency department visits with acute chest pain decide to use EMS when symptoms occurred. Factors including male,older than 75 years,and a history of cerebral infarction were associated with more use of EMS.In order to promote patient asking for EMS timely,more work should be done.