组织工程支架材料在脊髓损伤修复中的应用

背景：脊髓损伤最初往往会导致细胞和组织的不断丢失,组织工程支架可以模拟细胞外基质的生理状态,从而有利于细胞的黏附、迁移、扩增和分化。目的：总结近年来组织工程支架材料联合细胞和/或细胞因子修复脊髓损伤的新进展。方法：应用计算机检索PubMed、OvidMedline及CBM数据库中2000-10/2010-10与组织工程支架材料修复脊髓损伤相关的文章。结果与结论：组织工程材料治疗脊髓损伤需要3因素：种子细胞、组织工程支架、细胞因子。组织工程支架对于损伤脊髓断端起到桥接作用,而种植于材料的种子细胞和/或细胞因子可以促进神经轴突的生长和迁移。可用于组织工程支架的材料可分为天然材料和人工合成材料,包括胶原、壳聚糖、琼脂糖/藻酸盐、聚乳酸、纤连蛋白、聚羟基乙酸/聚乳酸、聚β羟丁酸等,动物实验已经取得一些成果,显示组织工程支架材料联合细胞移植修复效果更好,但临床上目前尚无开展组织工程支架材料修复脊髓损伤的研究。

Application of tissue engineering scaffold materials in repair of spinal cord injury

BACKGROUND：Spinal cord injury（SCI） often leads to the continuous loss of cells and tissues initially.Tissue engineering scaffolds can simulate the physiological state of the extracellular matrix,which is conducive to cell adhesion,migration,proliferation and differentiation.OBJECTIVE：To summarize the progress of tissue engineering scaffold materials combined with cells and（or） cytokines repairing SCI.METHODS：The articles related to tissue engineering scaffold materials repairing SCI from PubMed database,Ovid Medline database and CBM database between October 2000 and October 2010 were retrieved by computer.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Tissue engineering materials for repair of SCI need three elements：seed cells,tissue engineering scaffold,and cytokines.Tissue engineering scaffold plays a bridging role in broken ends of fractured bone of SCI;however,the seed cells and（or） cytokines can promote the growth and migration of neural axon.The materials that can be used for tissue engineering scaffold were divided into natural materials and synthetic materials,including collagen,chitosan,agarose/alginate,polylactic acid,fibronectin,polyglycolic acid/polylactic acid,poly-β hydroxybutyrate,etc.Animal experiments have obtained some achievements.Tissue engineering scaffold materials combined with cell transplantation have a better effect on repairing SCI.However,there is no research addressing tissue engineering scaffold materials repairing SCI currently.