教育管理对哮喘患者疾病知识及应对策略的影响

目的研究教育管理对哮喘患者的疾病知识及应对策略的影响。方法对228例成年哮喘患者除进行常规的药物治疗外，还实施了系统的教育管理。使用哮喘疾病知识问卷及医学应对问卷对患者在入院时及出院前的哮喘知识及应对策略进行了2次测量，同时，出院3个月后对患者的哮喘知识进行了第3次测量。结果经过系统的教育管理，哮喘患者出院时屈服的应对策略得分较入院时相对较低，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。在哮喘知识的掌握上，出院前的得分高于入院时．出院3个月后的得分高于出院前，差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。回归分析的结果显示，哮喘知识在出院前与入院时的差值能够显著地预测面对差值（t=2．377，P〈0．05）及屈服差值（t=-3．126，P〈O．01）的变化。结论系统化的教育管理方案能够提高患者对哮喘相关知识的掌握，减少消极应对方式的使用；哮喘知识的提高是患者应对策略改变的重要影响因素。

Effect of education and management program on knowledge of disease and coping strategies in patients with asthma

Objective To explore the effect of education and management program on knowledge of disease and coping strategies in patients with asthma. Methods An education and management program was carried out for 228 patients with asthma undergoing chemotherapy. Asthma knowledge questionnaire and medical coping modes questionnaire were used to measure knowledge of disease and coping styles in asthma patients at study entry and before discharge. Meanwhile,disease knowledge in the asthma patients was measured at three months after leaving hospital. Results After systematic education and management,the score of resignation coping style was lower than at study entry (P<0.001). At the same time,the score of knowledge of asthma was higher after chemotherapy than before,and it was even higher after three months (P<0.001). Re-gression analysis revealed that the change of knowledge was an effective predictor of the change of confrontation (t=2.377,P<0.05)and resignation(t=-3.126,P<0.01). Conclusions It was helpful for asthma patients to grasp more disease knowledge and use less resignation coping style by education and management. The increase of knowledge of asthma had an important effect on the change of coping strategies.