北京市托幼机构消毒卫生标准方案研究

目的为更好地监督指导和评价托幼机构消毒卫生工作,探讨托幼机构日常消毒方案和消毒卫生指标。方法采用问卷调查和采样监测方法,对北京市托幼机构消毒卫生状况进行了调查,提出制定托幼机构消毒卫生标准建议案。结果北京市托幼机构餐具消毒主要采用煮沸消毒与远红外线加热消毒;室内空气消毒主要采用自然通风、紫外线照射和化学消毒剂等综合处理方法;普通物体表面采用含氯消毒剂作擦拭消毒;保教人员和儿童手大多数用肥皂及流动水清洗。所有检测对象上均未检出致病菌,检测细菌总数以中位数表示,室内空气、物体表面、教师和儿童手的细菌总数中位数依次为907、3和228。结论北京市托幼机构室内空气、物体表面、教师和儿童手细菌总数均呈偏态分布,根据分析结果提出制定托幼机构消毒卫生标准建议。

STUDY ON SANITARY STANDARD SCHEME OF DISINFECTION FOR NURSERIES AND KINDERGARTENS OF BEIJING

Objective To explore the daily disinfection scheme and sanitary index of disinfection for nurseries and kindergartens in order to improve supervision,direction and evaluation of disinfection and sanitary work of nurseries and kindergartens.Methods Questionnaire investigation and sampling monitoring method were used to carry out investigation of disinfection and sanitary conditions in nurseries and kindergartens of Beijing.Recommendations for drawing up disinfection and sanitary standard for nurseries and kindergartens were proposed.Results In nurseries and kindergartens of Beijing,disinfection of tableware mainly used boiling disinfection and far-infrared heating disinfection.Disinfection of indoor air mainly used comprehensive treatment with natural ventilation,ultraviolet irradiation and chemical disinfectants.Disinfection of ordinary surfaces used wiping disinfection with chlorine-containing disinfectants.Hands of nurses,teachers and children mostly washed with soap and running water.No pathogenic microorganism was detected from all objects examined.The total bacterial count was expressed by median values and the median values of total bacterial count of indoor air,surfaces and hands of teachers and children were 907,3 and 228 respectively.Conclusions The total bacterial counts of indoor air,surfaces and hands of teachers and children in nurseries and kindergartens of Beijing showed skew distribution.Recommendations for drawing up disinfection and sanitary standards for nurseries and kindergartens are proposed based on the results of the analysis.