痰培养阳性患者基础疾病与细菌种类的研究

目的观察全科医学科肺部感染患者呼吸道病原菌的分布，分析病原菌种类与患者基础疾病-脑血管疾病及慢性呼吸系统疾病之间的关系。方法收集2007年6月至2008年3月间以我院全科医学科病房为主的肺部感染患者的痰培养阳性结果，按患者基础疾病分组，对两组细菌不同革兰染色结果进行卡方检验。结果慢性呼吸系统疾病组革兰染色阴性菌较多，而脑血管疾病组革兰染色阳性菌较多（P〈0．005）。结论积极开展健康教育，加强呼吸功能训练，防止误吸，规范抗生素的使用等环节可减少耐药菌株的产生，改善疾病的预后。

Study on underlying diseases and bacterial species in patients with positive sputum cultures

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the etiological pathogens in respiratory infection and the impact of basic diseases such as cerebrovascular diseases and chronic respiratory diseases in patients of the General Medicine Department.Methods Etiological diagnosis obtained by sputum cultures was collected between June 2007 and March 2008 in the General Medicine Department.All patients were allocated in groups according to their basic diseases and results of bacteria with Gram staining and they were analyzed by chi-square test.Results Gram-positive bacteria were more prevalent in group of patients with chronic respiratory diseases and Gram-negative bacteria were more prevalent in group of patients with cerebrovascular diseases.Conclusion The generation of drug resistant strains can be reduced by general practitioners and the outcome of patients may be improved by positive health education and rational application of antibiotics.