深圳市社区老年人家庭护理供需调查及其影响因素分析

目的 调查分析深圳市社区老年人家庭护理服务供需现状及影响因素.方法 采用自行设计的调查问卷随机对深圳市6个社区216名老年人和78家社区健康服务中心进行调查,了解老年人家庭护理服务的供需现状及相关影响因素.结果 84%老年人对家庭护理有需求,接受过家庭护理服务者占38.1%.32项家庭护理需求项目中,居前6位的需求项目依次是血压监测、血糖监测、健康咨询、照顾者指导、心理护理、服药指导.78家社区健康服务中心有48家提供家庭上门服务,开展家庭护理服务的中心有44.0%提供10个以上项目,67.0%的中心提供5个以上项目,17.0%提供2个以下项目,30家不提供家庭上门服务.影响社区家庭护理服务开展的主要原因是护理人员配置不足、风险系数大、医疗环境及设施受限.结论 老年人对家庭护理服务有较大需求,社区健康中心提供的家庭护理服务相对滞后,家庭护理服务供不应求,当务之急是增加社区护理人员数量,建立和完善社区家庭护理行业规范,促进家庭护理的稳定发展.

Investigation and analysis of the home care request of the eiderly in community of Shenzhen

Objective To analyze the status of supply and the affected factors of the home care of the elderly in community of Shenzhen.Methods The investigation was carried out in 78 community health ser-vice centers and 216 elderly from 6 communities using self-designed questionnaire.Results 84% of the el-derly had the demand of home care, 38.1% of them had even received home care services.In 32 demand items of home care, the top 6 were in turn the blood pressure monitoring, the blood sugar monitoring, the health consults, the caregivers guidance, the psychological care, medication instruction.48 of 78 commu-nity health service center provided door-to-door services, 44% of them(home care service center)provided more than 10 projects, 67% of the center provided more than 5 projects, 17% of them provided 2 projects, 30 community health service center did not provide door-to-door service.The main reasons that influenced home care delivery in community were the shortage of nursing staff of home medical care, the risk factors, the medical environment, and the limited health care facilities.Conclusions The elderly has large de-mand to the home care service, home care which the community health center provided is lagging and in short supply.It is imperative to increase the number of community nurses, improve the community home care profession standard and promote stable development of home care.