77例急性肾衰竭患者临床特征和预后分析

目的总结急性肾功能衰竭（acute renal failure,ARF）的病因特点、治疗情况与预后的关系。方法回顾性分析2007年8月-2008年4月77例ARF的临床资料,总结各种因素与患者预后的关系。结果肾性因素是最主要的致病病因,占77.92%,其中以药物和中毒居多。老年患者、少尿型患者或合并多脏器功能衰竭患者病死率较高,分别为25.93%,29.55%,83.33%。结论 ARF应早期诊断,积极给予综合治疗,包括肾脏替代治疗,老年ARF患者易出现多脏器功能衰竭、合并感染等,应放宽透析指征,并注意去除高危因素以提高存活率。

Clinical Features and Prognosis of Patients with Acute Renal Failure

Objective To explore the clinical features,treatment,and prognosis of acute renal failure（ARF）. Methods The clinical data of 77patients with ARF from Auguest 2007to April 2008were retrospectively analyzed. Results Renal factor was the most important cause of ARF,accounting for 77.92%.The mortalities of elderly patients,oliguric patients and with multiple organ failure were 25.93%,29.55%,and 83.33%,respectively. Conclusion Patients with ARF should be diagnosed as early as possible and given comprehensive treatments, including renal replacement therapy;the elderly patients with multiple organ failure and infection should be relaxed dialysis indications.We should pay attention to the removal of risk factors to improve the survival rate.