首发精神分裂症患者的成人亲附类型及其与临床类型的关系

目的：探索首发精神分裂症患者的成人亲附类型及其与临床类型的关系，为进一步理解精神分裂症患者的心理特点提供相关的研究基础。方法：依据中国精神障碍分类标准第三版（CCMD-Ⅲ）选取32例确诊为精神分裂症的首发患者作为研究组，选择性别、年龄、婚姻匹配的正常人32名及边缘型人格障碍（BPD）患者30例分别作为正常对照组和BPD对照组。采用成人亲附量表（AAS）、阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）以及有关轴Ⅱ障碍的结构性访谈（SCID-Ⅱ）为主要的测量工具。结果：与正常对照组比较，研究组成人亲附类型中不安全型较多，并且焦虑维度得分高；研究组和正常对照组不同性别的亲附类型分布差异均无统计学意义；研究组与BPD对照组的成人亲附类型分布差异无统计学意义；研究组中，非偏执型患者成人亲附以先占型居多且焦虑维度得分高；偏执型患者成人亲附以回避型居多且亲近依赖（回避维度）得分低。结论：首发精神分裂症患者的成人亲附类型以不安全型为主，主要表现为强烈地担心被拒绝或担心不被喜欢，其中，偏执型患者以回避型为主，非偏执型患者以先占型为主。

Relationship between the Adult Attachment Styles of First-onset Schizophrenias and Its Clinical Syndromes

Objective:To disclose the adult attachment styles of first-onset schizophrenias,and to explore its relationship with clinical syndromes.Methods:32 first-onset schizophrenic patients were enrolled for the study according to CCMD-Ⅲ.The clinical symptoms were compared among schizophrenia,normal control and borderline personality disorders(BPD) groups by using psychological measurements including Adult Attachment scale(AAS),Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),and SCID-II.Chi-square and student T tests were used for statistical analysis.Results:Chi-square test revealed a significant difference in adult attachment style between the schizophrenia and normal control groups,and between the paranoid schizophrenias and non-paranoid schizophrenias.Conclusion:The insecure adult attachment is the significant character of first-onset schizophrenic patients when compared with normal controls.The dominant adult attachment styles in paranoid schizophrenic patients are avoidant insecure attachment styles,and non-paranoid schizophrenic ones show dominant preoccupied insecure attachment style.