肢体残疾人康复需求与康复服务发展状况Logistic回归分析研究

目的研究肢体残疾人的康复需求特点和康复服务发展状况。方法以1512438名肢体残疾人康复需求和康复服务实名制数据为样本,对肢体残疾人康复需求特点、康复服务发展及其影响因素进行分析。结果在肢体残疾人报告的康复需求中,从高至低依次为辅助器具55.9%、护理27.0%、药物26.3%、功能训练23.9%和手术2.3%。在肢体残疾人报告获得的康复服务中,从高至低依次为辅助器具48.2%、护理26.4%、功能训练24.3%、药物19.5%和手术1.4%。Logistic回归结果发现年龄和残疾等级对肢体残疾人的康复需求与康复服务报告率有显著影响(P<0.001)。结论肢体残疾人的康复需求主要集中于辅助器具、护理、药物和康复训练领域。所获得的康复服务主要在辅助器具、护理和功能训练领域。提高肢体残疾的康复服务的可及性仍是未来发展的重点。根据ICF功能理论,推广个别化的精准康复服务是提升康复服务质量的重要措施。

Unmet Needs and Services of Rehabilitation for People with Physical Disabilities Using Logistic Regression Analysis

Objective To explore the characteristics of unmet needs and services of rehabilitation for people with physical disabilities (PWPs).Methods A total of 1 512 438 PWPs administration data of unmet needs and services of rehabilitation at provincial level were sampled and analyzed the characteristics of needs and services of rehabilitation, and the related factors of needs and services.Results The reported unmet needs of PWPs from high to low were assistive devices assistive devices (55.9%), nursing care (27.0%), medicine (26.3%), functional training (23.9%) and surgery (2.3%). Received service of rehabilitation. The services of rehabilitation for PWPs arranged as assistive devices (48.2%), nursing caring (26.4%), functional training (24.3%), medicine (19.5%) and surgery (1.4%). The logistic regression model showed that age and severity of disabilities had significant effect on the reported unmet needs of rehabilitation and received services for PWPs (P < 0.001). Conclusion PWPs reported unmet needs mainly in the fields of assistive devices, nursing care, medicine and rehabilitation training. They received primary services included assistive devices, nursing care and rehabilitation training and therapies. The services development will emphasize the accessibility and coverage. According to ICF model, it proposed to take measures to implement individualized and precise rehabilitation services to improve the quality of services.